The Role of NKT Cells in Glioblastoma.

The Role of NKT Cells in Glioblastoma.
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DOI:
10.3390/cells10071641
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发表时间:
2021-06-30
期刊:
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Terabe M
Terabe M
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brettschneider EES;Terabe M

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胶质母细胞瘤是一种侵袭性和致命的癌症,但迄今为止,免疫疗法未能在改善胶质母细胞瘤患者的预后方面取得重大进展。目前开发胶质母细胞瘤免疫干预的挑战之一是我们对胶质母细胞瘤肿瘤微环境中发挥作用的众多免疫调节机制的不完全理解。我们认为自然杀伤T(NKT)细胞是一种非常规T淋巴细胞,可以识别CD 1d分子递呈的脂质抗原,可能在胶质母细胞瘤中发挥关键的免疫调节作用。例如,有证据表明,I型NKT细胞的活化可以促进抗胶质母细胞瘤免疫应答。另一方面,已知II型NKT细胞在其他癌症中发挥免疫抑制作用,以及交叉调节I型NKT细胞活性,尽管它们在胶质母细胞瘤中的具体作用在很大程度上仍不清楚。本文综述了NKT细胞在胶质母细胞瘤免疫调节中的作用,并重点介绍了NKT细胞在其他癌症和中枢神经系统疾病中的作用。
Glioblastoma is an aggressive and deadly cancer, but to date, immunotherapies have failed to make significant strides in improving prognoses for glioblastoma patients. One of the current challenges to developing immunological interventions for glioblastoma is our incomplete understanding of the numerous immunoregulatory mechanisms at play in the glioblastoma tumor microenvironment. We propose that Natural Killer T (NKT) cells, which are unconventional T lymphocytes that recognize lipid antigens presented by CD1d molecules, may play a key immunoregulatory role in glioblastoma. For example, evidence suggests that the activation of type I NKT cells can facilitate anti-glioblastoma immune responses. On the other hand, type II NKT cells are known to play an immunosuppressive role in other cancers, as well as to cross-regulate type I NKT cell activity, although their specific role in glioblastoma remains largely unclear. This review provides a summary of our current understanding of NKT cells in the immunoregulation of glioblastoma as well as highlights the involvement of NKT cells in other cancers and central nervous system diseases.
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