Geomorphology and initiation mechanisms of the 2020 Haines, Alaska landslide

Geomorphology and initiation mechanisms of the 2020 Haines, Alaska landslide
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2020 年阿拉斯加海恩斯山体滑坡的地貌和引发机制

DOI:
10.1007/s10346-022-01899-3
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Buxton, Cindy
Buxton, Cindy
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Darrow, Margaret M.;Nelson, Victoria A.;Grilliot, Michael;Wartman, Joseph;Jacobs, Aaron;Baichtal, James F.;Buxton, Cindy

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2020年12月初,一场大气河流(AR)和雨雪(ROS)事件影响了阿拉斯加州海恩斯地区,导致破纪录的降雨和融雪,引发洪水和数十起群众运动事件。我们认为AR-一个在500年一遇的事件-作为毁灭性的海滩道路滑坡(BRLS),摧毁或损坏四个住宅,并采取了两个人的生命触发。BRLS开始为泥石流,并转变为泥石流,总滑坡体积约为187,100 m3。利用激光雷达数据进行的地貌分析确定了古滑坡和岩石移位的证据,其中一个是BRLS的源区。在软弱的超镁铁质基岩中的重要结构特征定义了头崖区域,并形成了破坏面。这项研究说明了识别预先存在的滑坡特征和可能产生未来滑坡的源区的重要性。由于预计阿拉斯加东南部的ROS事件将增加,冬季将更加温暖和潮湿,我们建议制定AR尺度,并结合该地区的地质信息,以加强对滑坡易发地区居民的警告。
In early December 2020, an atmospheric river (AR) and rain-on-snow (ROS) event impacted the Haines, Alaska area, resulting in record-breaking rainfall and snowmelt that caused flooding and dozens of mass movement events. We consider the AR—a one-in-500-year event—as the trigger for the devastating Beach Road Landslide (BRLS), which destroyed or damaged four residences and took the lives of two people. The BRLS started as a debris avalanche and transitioned into a debris flow, with a total approximate landslide volume of 187,100 m3. Geomorphic analysis using lidar data identified evidence of paleo-landslides and displaced masses of rock, one of which served as the source area for the BRLS. Significant structural features in the weak ultramafic bedrock defined the head scarp area and formed the failure plane. This study illustrates the importance of identifying pre-existing landslide features and source areas likely to produce future landslides. As an increase in ROS events is projected for Southeast Alaska with warmer and wetter winters, we recommend the development of an AR scale coupled with geological information for the region, to enhance warnings to residents in landslide-prone areas.
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