COVID-19: Sleep, Circadian Rhythms and Immunity - Repurposing Drugs and Chronotherapeutics for SARS-CoV-2.
COVID-19: Sleep, Circadian Rhythms and Immunity - Repurposing Drugs and Chronotherapeutics for SARS-CoV-2.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2021.674204
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Sundar IK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giri A;Srinivasan A;Sundar IK
截至2021年2月21日，严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）大流行已影响美国近2800万人，并造成超过50万人死亡。随着新型冠状病毒继续在美国和地球仪各地造成损失，特别是在老年人（>65岁）中，临床医生和翻译研究人员正在密切关注睡眠，昼夜节律和免疫力之间的关系，这些关系可能导致更严重的冠状病毒疾病-19（COVID-19）。SARS-CoV-2诱导的多器官衰竭影响中枢和外周器官，导致老年人死亡率增加。然而，老年人和年轻人之间的睡眠、昼夜节律和免疫力的差异是否有助于SARS-CoV-2感染中观察到的靶器官系统性失调的年龄相关差异仍在很大程度上未知。目前的文献证明了睡眠、昼夜节律和免疫在人类和小鼠模型中慢性肺部疾病和呼吸道感染的发展中的新作用。老年患者急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）和其他心肺并发症与相关合并症的确切机制尚不清楚。然而，了解睡眠的关键作用，靶器官的生物钟功能障碍和SARS-CoV-2患者的免疫状态可能会为可能的治疗提供新的见解。时间疗法是一个新兴的概念，在睡眠医学中越来越受到关注。越来越多的证据表明，几乎一半的生理功能遵循严格的日常节律。然而，医疗保健专业人员很少考虑实施药物的定时给药。在这篇综述中，我们总结了与睡眠、昼夜节律和免疫反应在调节传染病过程中的贡献作用直接相关的最新发现，并将时间疗法纳入到可以重新利用以改善治疗和管理的潜在药物的讨论中。COVID-19。
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has affected nearly 28 million people in the United States and has caused more than five hundred thousand deaths as of February 21, 2021. As the novel coronavirus continues to take its toll in the United States and all across the globe, particularly among the elderly (>65 years), clinicians and translational researchers are taking a closer look at the nexus of sleep, circadian rhythms and immunity that may contribute toward a more severe coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2-induced multi-organ failure affects both central and peripheral organs, causing increased mortality in the elderly. However, whether differences in sleep, circadian rhythms, and immunity between older and younger individuals contribute to the age-related differences in systemic dysregulation of target organs observed in SARS-CoV-2 infection remain largely unknown. Current literature demonstrates the emerging role of sleep, circadian rhythms, and immunity in the development of chronic pulmonary diseases and respiratory infections in human and mouse models. The exact mechanism underlying acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and other cardiopulmonary complications in elderly patients in combination with associated comorbidities remain unclear. Nevertheless, understanding the critical role of sleep, circadian clock dysfunction in target organs, and immune status of patients with SARS-CoV-2 may provide novel insights into possible therapies. Chronotherapy is an emerging concept that is gaining attention in sleep medicine. Accumulating evidence suggests that nearly half of all physiological functions follow a strict daily rhythm. However, healthcare professionals rarely take implementing timed-administration of drugs into consideration. In this review, we summarize recent findings directly relating to the contributing roles of sleep, circadian rhythms and immune response in modulating infectious disease processes, and integrate chronotherapy in the discussion of the potential drugs that can be repurposed to improve the treatment and management of COVID-19.
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