Illumination of the spatial order of intracellular pH by genetically encoded pH-sensitive sensors.
Illumination of the spatial order of intracellular pH by genetically encoded pH-sensitive sensors.
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DOI:
10.3390/s131216736
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发表时间:
2013-12-05
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Benčina M
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Benčina M
Fluorescent proteins have been extensively used for engineering genetically encoded sensors that can monitor levels of ions, enzyme activities, redox potential, and metabolites. Certain fluorescent proteins possess specific pH-dependent spectroscopic features, and thus can be used as indicators of intracellular pH. Moreover, concatenated pH-sensitive proteins with target proteins pin the pH sensors to a definite location within the cell, compartment, or tissue. This study provides an overview of the continually expanding family of pH-sensitive fluorescent proteins that have become essential tools for studies of pH homeostasis and cell physiology. We describe and discuss the design of intensity-based and ratiometric pH sensors, their spectral properties and pH-dependency, as well as their performance. Finally, we illustrate some examples of the applications of pH sensors targeted at different subcellular compartments.
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