Considerations on the Stigma of Mental Illness
Considerations on the Stigma of Mental Illness
复制标题
对精神疾病耻辱的思考
DOI：
10.1177/070674370304801001
复制
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Arboleda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Arboleda
污名、偏见和歧视是密切相关和紧密交织的社会结构。这些结构影响许多人，基于年龄，宗教，种族血统或社会经济地位。然而，一个人可以潜在地脱离这些群体，如果不是身体上的，如年龄或种族背景，那么通过社会阶梯的上升，这使得受影响的人不那么成为目标。相反，对精神疾病患者的污名、偏见和歧视贯穿所有阶层和社会群体，而且，由于许多精神疾病是慢性的，使人丧失能力，受影响的人很难摆脱负面社会态度的控制。其结果是社会毁灭，限制了精神疾病患者的生活，使他们无法完全重新参与社区和参与其参考群体的社会活动。一般公众最常通过媒体或电影接触精神疾病。不幸的是，媒体经常把病人描绘成不可预测的、暴力的和危险的（1），电影通常遵循流行的“精神杀手”情节（2），长期以来一直被电影业利用。将精神疾病与暴力联系在一起，助长了对精神病患者的污名化和歧视性做法;这只是对精神病患者的许多负面定型观念和常见偏见态度之一。这篇社论有两个目的。它首先回顾了作为一种社会建构的耻辱的基本理论要素，以及耻辱对精神疾病患者及其家庭的负面影响（3）。第二，在审查的基础上，对本期关于污名化和歧视问题的论文进行了评论。
Stigma, prejudice, and discrimination are closely related and tightly interwoven social constructs. These constructs affect many, based on age, religion, ethnic origin, or socioeconomic status. However, a person can potentially move out of these groups, if not physically—as in age or ethnic background—then by moving up the social ladder, which makes the affected person less of a target. Conversely, stigma, prejudice, and discrimination against those with mental illness cut across all classes and social groups, and, to the extent that many mental conditions are chronic and incapacitating, those affected can hardly migrate out of the grip of negative social attitudes. The result is social annihilation that constricts the lives of those with mental illness, preventing them from fully reengaging in their communities and participating in the social activities of their groups of reference. The general public most frequently makes contact with mental illness through the media or the movies. Unfortunately, the media often depict patients as unpredictable, violent, and dangerous (1), and movies usually follow the popular “psychokiller” plot (2) long exploited by the cinematographic industry. Associating mental illness with violence helps to perpetuate stigmatizing and discriminatory practices against mentally ill persons; it is only one of many negative stereotypes and common prejudicial attitudes about them. This editorial has 2 purposes. It first reviews theoretical elements fundamental to stigma as a social construct, together with stigma’s negative consequences for persons with mental illness and their families (3). Second, based on the review, it comments on this issue’s papers on stigmatization and discrimination.
社交网络和社会支持对严重精神疾病患者暴力的影响。
DOI：
10.1176/ps.45.7.669
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
Hospital & community psychiatry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Estroff,SE;Zimmer,C;Lachicotte,WS;Benoit,J
通讯作者：
Benoit,J