Motile cilia genetics and cell biology: big results from little mice.

Motile cilia genetics and cell biology: big results from little mice.
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活动纤毛遗传学和细胞生物学:小鼠的重大成果。

DOI:
10.1007/s00018-020-03633-5
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ostrowski LE
Ostrowski LE
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee L;Ostrowski LE

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在过去的二十年里,我们对运动纤毛及其在疾病中的作用的理解大大增加,关键信息和见解来自对小鼠模型的分析。运动的纤毛形成于特定的上皮细胞类型上,通常以协调的、鞭子状的方式跳动,以促进液体沿着细胞表面的流动和清除。运动纤毛的形成和功能缺陷导致原发性纤毛运动障碍(PCD),这是一种遗传异质性疾病,具有良好的特征表型,但没有有效的治疗方法。从单细胞真核生物到哺乳动物,许多模型系统提供了关于运动纤毛的遗传学、生物化学和结构的信息。然而,有显着的资源可用于遗传操作和发育,病理和生理分析的表型,小鼠已经上升到最前沿的理解哺乳动物运动纤毛和建模PCD。大量相关小鼠品系和大量遗传和表型数据证明了这一点。最近,应用创新的细胞生物学技术,这些模型,使实质性的进展,阐明哺乳动物运动纤毛的生物发生和功能的分子和细胞机制。在这篇文章中,我们将审查在小鼠模型中的运动纤毛的遗传学和细胞生物学研究,以及它们对我们理解运动纤毛和PCD发病机制的贡献。
Our understanding of motile cilia and their role in disease has increased tremendously over the last two decades, with critical information and insight coming from the analysis of mouse models. Motile cilia form on specific epithelial cell types and typically beat in a coordinated, whip-like manner to facilitate the flow and clearance of fluids along the cell surface. Defects in formation and function of motile cilia result in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a genetically heterogeneous disorder with a well-characterized phenotype but no effective treatment. A number of model systems, ranging from unicellular eukaryotes to mammals, have provided information about the genetics, biochemistry, and structure of motile cilia. However, with remarkable resources available for genetic manipulation and developmental, pathological, and physiological analysis of phenotype, the mouse has risen to the forefront of understanding mammalian motile cilia and modeling PCD. This is evidenced by a large number of relevant mouse lines and an extensive body of genetic and phenotypic data. More recently, application of innovative cell biological techniques to these models has enabled substantial advancement in elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the biogenesis and function of mammalian motile cilia. In this article, we will review genetic and cell biological studies of motile cilia in mouse models and their contributions to our understanding of motile cilia and PCD pathogenesis.
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