Changing times: Opportunities for altering winter wheat phenology
Changing times: Opportunities for altering winter wheat phenology
复制标题
时代变迁：改变冬小麦物候的机会
DOI：
10.1002/ppp3.10163
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sheehan H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sheehan H
气候变化对农业生产系统提出了挑战。小麦是英国重要的农作物，占可耕地面积的40%。预计气温升高和干旱风险将导致未来的生产力损失。植物育种家和研究人员正在努力开发更具弹性的小麦品种，尽管与农民相比，他们往往受到不同的激励因素的驱动。在这里，我们报告了与英国小麦产区农民合作的农学家的对话，以更好地了解小麦开花时间和成熟度在农场层面的重要性，以及提前开花带来的未来机遇和风险。品种。总结优化的环境适应是区域作物育种的基石。沿着。最近和预测的长期适应性反应的未来不稳定性对选择性育种提出了新的挑战。小麦是一种长日照植物，需要延长日照时间才能开始开花，这是由光周期-1（Ppd-1）基因控制的一种反应。在驯化过程中产生了赋予光周期不敏感性的突变，允许在短日照和长日照下快速开花，并扩大了小麦的适应范围。在英国，小麦生产主要是光周期敏感的冬季品种，其开花时间相对较窄。由于有效农用化学品的损失和季节性天气波动的增加，季节性条件的变化以及物流压力的增加意味着品种开花时间可能需要更大的灵活性来维持英国小麦的生产力。在这篇评论文章中，我们介绍了最近与英国农学家就冬小麦品种更大开花时间范围的需求和可能潜力进行对话的结果。这提供了将农民的优先事项和需求与正在进行的遗传研究和育种联系起来的重要见解。我们的研究结果突出了小麦物候的农场级重要性，并为未来的研究和植物育种提供了建议。
Social Impact StatementClimate change presents challenges to agricultural production systems. Wheat is a significant crop in the United Kingdom, occupying 40% of arable land area. Increased temperatures and drought risk are predicted to lead to future productivity losses. Plant breeders and researchers are working to develop more resilient wheat varieties although are often driven by different motivating factors compared to farmers. Here, we report on a dialog with agronomists working with farmers in wheat‐producing regions throughout the UK to gain greater understanding of the farm‐level importance of wheat flowering time and maturity along with the future opportunities and risks presented by earlier flowering varieties.SummaryOptimized environmental adaptation is the cornerstone of regional crop breeding. Recent and predicted future instability for long‐standing adaptive response presents new challenges to selective breeding. Wheat is a long day plant, requiring extended daylength to initiate flowering, a response controlled by thePhotoperiod‐1(Ppd‐1) gene. Mutations conferring photoperiod insensitivity arose during domestication, allowing rapid flowering in both short and long days and extending wheat's adaptive range. In the United Kingdom, wheat production is dominated by photoperiod‐sensitive winter varieties which have a relatively narrow window of flowering time. Changing seasonal conditions alongside mounting logistics pressure as a result of loss of effective agrochemicals and increasing seasonal weather fluctuations mean that greater flexibility in varietal flowering time is likely required to sustain UK wheat productivity. In this Opinion piece, we present findings from a recent dialog with UK agronomists on the demand and likely potential for greater flowering time range in winter wheat varieties. This provides important insight connecting farmer priorities and demands with ongoing genetic research and breeding. Our findings highlight the farm‐level importance of wheat phenology and provide recommendations for future research and plant breeding.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1953
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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