Hybridisation has shaped a recent radiation of grass-feeding aphids.
Hybridisation has shaped a recent radiation of grass-feeding aphids.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12915-023-01649-4
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发表时间：
2023-07-13
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hogenhout, Saskia A. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mathers, Thomas C. C.;Wouters, Roland H. M.;Mugford, Sam T. T.;Biello, Roberto;van Oosterhout, Cock;Hogenhout, Saskia A. A.
关键词：
蚜虫是常见的农作物害虫。这些昆虫通过兼性孤雌生殖进行繁殖，涉及几轮克隆繁殖，偶尔有性周期。此外，克隆蚜虫会产下已经怀孕的活幼虫。这些品质促进了人口的快速增长，并促进了作物在全球的殖民化。在一些情况下，所谓的“超级克隆”已经主宰了农业系统。然而，蚜虫生命周期的有性阶段在多大程度上影响了全球害虫种群，以及成功谱系的起源仍不清楚。在这里，我们使用染色体规模的基因组组装来解开两种全球性谷物害虫的进化——英国谷类蚜虫（Sitobion avenae）和印度谷类蚜虫（Sitobion misscanthi）。 S. avenae 和 S. miscanthi 之间的全基因组差异较低。此外，对单倍型解析组装体的比较表明，用于基因组测序的 S. miscanthi 分离株很可能是一种杂种，其二倍体基因组拷贝之一与 S. avenae 密切相关（约 0.5% 差异），而另一个则差异更大（> 1%）。对英国和中国谷物蚜虫的群体基因组学分析表明，燕麦蚜虫和芒蚜是一个神秘物种复合体的一部分，该物种复合体具有许多高度分化的谱系，其谱系早于农业起源。该复合体由杂交谱系组成，显示出杂交和基因渗入的复杂历史。我们的分析表明，杂交极大地促进了谷物蚜虫的多样性，从而增强了这种重要害虫物种的进化潜力。此外，我们认为蚜虫特别适合利用杂交事件，通过无性繁殖活生“冷冻杂交品种”的快速繁殖，从而增加杂交谱系形成的可能性。 在线版本包含可在 10.1186/s12915-023-01649-4 获取的补充材料。
Aphids are common crop pests. These insects reproduce by facultative parthenogenesis involving several rounds of clonal reproduction interspersed with an occasional sexual cycle. Furthermore, clonal aphids give birth to live young that are already pregnant. These qualities enable rapid population growth and have facilitated the colonisation of crops globally. In several cases, so-called “super clones” have come to dominate agricultural systems. However, the extent to which the sexual stage of the aphid life cycle has shaped global pest populations has remained unclear, as have the origins of successful lineages. Here, we used chromosome-scale genome assemblies to disentangle the evolution of two global pests of cereals—the English (Sitobion avenae) and Indian (Sitobion miscanthi) grain aphids. Genome-wide divergence between S. avenae and S. miscanthi is low. Moreover, comparison of haplotype-resolved assemblies revealed that the S. miscanthi isolate used for genome sequencing is likely a hybrid, with one of its diploid genome copies closely related to S. avenae (~ 0.5% divergence) and the other substantially more divergent (> 1%). Population genomics analyses of UK and China grain aphids showed that S. avenae and S. miscanthi are part of a cryptic species complex with many highly differentiated lineages that predate the origins of agriculture. The complex consists of hybrid lineages that display a tangled history of hybridisation and genetic introgression. Our analyses reveal that hybridisation has substantially contributed to grain aphid diversity, and hence, to the evolutionary potential of this important pest species. Furthermore, we propose that aphids are particularly well placed to exploit hybridisation events via the rapid propagation of live-born “frozen hybrids” via asexual reproduction, increasing the likelihood of hybrid lineage formation. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-023-01649-4.
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