An Ultrasonic Energy Harvesting IC Providing Adjustable Bias Voltage for Pre-Charged CMUT

An Ultrasonic Energy Harvesting IC Providing Adjustable Bias Voltage for Pre-Charged CMUT
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一种为预充电 CMUT 提供可调偏置电压的超声波能量收集 IC

DOI:
10.1109/tbcas.2022.3178581
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.1
通讯作者:
Jia, Yaoyao
Jia, Yaoyao
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhao, Linran;Annayev, Muhammetgeldi;Oralkan, Omer;Jia, Yaoyao

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由于 CMUT 与 CMOS 技术的轻松集成,使用预充电电容式微机械超声波换能器 (CMUT) 的超声波无线电力传输 (WPT) 受到了极大的关注。在这里,我们展示了一种与预充电 CMUT 设备连接的集成电路 (IC),用于超声波能量采集。我们在所提出的 IC 中实现了自适应高压电荷泵 (HVCP),该 IC 具有低功耗、过压应力 (OVS) 鲁棒性和宽输出范围等特点。超声波能量收集 IC 采用 180 nm HV BCD 工艺制造,占用 2 × 2.5 mm2 硅面积。自适应 HVCP 提供 2× – 12× 电压转换比 (VCR),从而为预充电 CMUT 提供 4 V-44 V 的宽偏置电压范围。此外,在所提出的 IC 中实现的 VCR 调谐有限状态机 (FSM) 可以动态调整 VCR,以闭环方式将 HVCP 输出(即预充电 CMUT 偏置电压)稳定到目标电压。这种闭环控制机制提高了所提出的IC对由未对准、发射功率变化量和/或负载变化引起的接收功率变化的容限。此外,所提出的超声波能量收集IC的平均功耗为35μW-554μW,对应于4V-44V的HVCP输出。CMUT器件的局部表面声强度为3.78mW/mm2,远低于FDA对功率通量的限制(7.2mW/mm2),可以为IC提供足够的功率。
Ultrasonic wireless power transmission (WPT) using pre-charged capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUT) is drawing great attention due to the easy integration of CMUT with CMOS techniques. Here, we present an integrated circuit (IC) that interfaces with a pre-charged CMUT device for ultrasonic energy harvesting. We implemented an adaptive high voltage charge pump (HVCP) in the proposed IC, which features low power, overvoltage stress (OVS) robustness, and a wide output range. The ultrasonic energy harvesting IC is fabricated in the 180 nm HV BCD process and occupies a 2 × 2.5 mm2silicon area. The adaptive HVCP offers a 2× – 12× voltage conversion ratio (VCR), thereby providing a wide bias voltage range of 4 V–44 V for the pre-charged CMUT. Moreover, a VCR tunning finite state machine (FSM) implemented in the proposed IC can dynamically adjust the VCR to stabilize the HVCP output (i.e., the pre-charged CMUT bias voltage) to a target voltage in a closed-loop manner. Such a closed-loop control mechanism improves the tolerance of the proposed IC to the received power variation caused by misalignments, amount of transmitted power change, and/or load variation. Besides, the proposed ultrasonic energy harvesting IC has an average power consumption of 35 μW–554 μW corresponding to the HVCP output from 4 V–44 V. The CMUT device with a local surface acoustic intensity of 3.78 mW/mm2, which is well below the FDA limit for power flux (7.2 mW/mm2), can deliver sufficient power to the IC.
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影响因子: --
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