Dynamic spread of happiness in a large social network: longitudinal analysis over 20 years in the Framingham Heart Study.
Dynamic spread of happiness in a large social network: longitudinal analysis over 20 years in the Framingham Heart Study.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.a2338
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发表时间：
2008-12-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Christakis NA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fowler JH;Christakis NA
目的评估幸福是否可以在人与人之间传播，以及幸福的小生境是否在社交网络中形成。设计纵向社会网络分析。设置Fragmentary Heart Study社交网络。参与者4739人从1983年到2003年。主要结果测量幸福测量验证四项规模;广泛的属性的社交网络和各种社会关系。结果在网络中可以看到快乐和不快乐的人的集群，人们的快乐之间的关系延伸到三个分离度（例如，一个朋友的朋友的朋友）。那些被许多快乐的人包围的人和那些在网络中处于中心地位的人将来更有可能变得快乐。纵向统计模型表明，幸福感的聚集是幸福感传播的结果，而不仅仅是人们与相似个体联系的趋势。一个住在一英里（约1.6公里）内的朋友变得快乐，会使一个人快乐的概率增加25%（95%置信区间为1%至57%）。在同居配偶（8%，0.2%至16%），居住在一英里内的兄弟姐妹（14%，1%至28%）和隔壁邻居（34%，7%至70%）中也可以看到类似的影响。在同事之间没有看到效果。这种影响随着时间和地理分隔而衰减。结论人们的幸福取决于与他们有联系的其他人的幸福。这进一步证明了将幸福和健康一样视为一种集体现象的合理性。
Objectives To evaluate whether happiness can spread from person to person and whether niches of happiness form within social networks. Design Longitudinal social network analysis. Setting Framingham Heart Study social network. Participants 4739 individuals followed from 1983 to 2003. Main outcome measures Happiness measured with validated four item scale; broad array of attributes of social networks and diverse social ties. Results Clusters of happy and unhappy people are visible in the network, and the relationship between people’s happiness extends up to three degrees of separation (for example, to the friends of one’s friends’ friends). People who are surrounded by many happy people and those who are central in the network are more likely to become happy in the future. Longitudinal statistical models suggest that clusters of happiness result from the spread of happiness and not just a tendency for people to associate with similar individuals. A friend who lives within a mile (about 1.6 km) and who becomes happy increases the probability that a person is happy by 25% (95% confidence interval 1% to 57%). Similar effects are seen in coresident spouses (8%, 0.2% to 16%), siblings who live within a mile (14%, 1% to 28%), and next door neighbours (34%, 7% to 70%). Effects are not seen between coworkers. The effect decays with time and with geographical separation. Conclusions People’s happiness depends on the happiness of others with whom they are connected. This provides further justification for seeing happiness, like health, as a collective phenomenon.
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影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Christakis, Nicholas A.;Fowler, James H.
通讯作者：
Fowler, James H.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Canli, T;Sivers, H;Gabrieli, JDE
通讯作者：
Gabrieli, JDE
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
CLARK, AE;OSWALD, AJ
通讯作者：
OSWALD, AJ
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Christakis, Nicholas A.;Fowler, James H.
通讯作者：
Fowler, James H.
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
CAMPBELL, KE;LEE, BA
通讯作者：
LEE, BA