'A bite before bed': exposure to malaria vectors outside the times of net use in the highlands of western Kenya.
'A bite before bed': exposure to malaria vectors outside the times of net use in the highlands of western Kenya.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12936-015-0766-4
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发表时间：
2015-06-25
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Stevenson J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooke MK;Kahindi SC;Oriango RM;Owaga C;Ayoma E;Mabuka D;Nyangau D;Abel L;Atieno E;Awuor S;Drakeley C;Cox J;Stevenson J
肯尼亚西部尼扬扎省高原地区的人口受到恶性疟原虫的零星流行。室内滞留喷洒和长效驱虫蚊帐在这一地区得到广泛使用。当按蚊在室内休息和进食时，以及当个体使用长效驱虫蚊帐时发生叮咬时，这些干预措施最有效。因此，必须检验目前关于病媒取食偏好和深夜取食时间的假设，以估计长效驱虫蚊帐在多大程度上保护居民免受病媒叮咬。2011年6月至2012年5月期间，每个月连续六个晚上收集苔藓。疾病预防控制中心的光陷阱被设置在随机选择的房屋内外被占用的LLIN旁边，并每小时清空一次。记录了居民的净使用量、他们进出房屋的时间和睡眠时间，并计算了个人在室内和室外每小时接触病媒的情况。利用这些数据，估计了蚊帐对这一人群的真正保护效力（P *），并在性别、年龄组和月份之间进行了比较。主要病媒物种（不死按蚊s.l.和阿拉伯按蚊）更可能在室内取食，但次级媒介库斯坦按蚊表现出外食行为（p <0.05）。19时室外和18时室内记录到病媒叮咬活动的增加。使用长效驱虫蚊帐的人接触疟疾病媒的总次数从每晚1.3次减少到0.47次。研究期间人群的P * 计算为51%，并随年龄和季节显著变化（p <0.01）。在本研究中，长效驱虫蚊帐为当地人口提供了部分保护，使其免受疟疾病媒叮咬。如果考虑到社区广泛使用蚊帐对当地病媒种群的总体抑制，则P * 估计值可能更高。然而，该地区病媒的早期叮咬习惯和人类活动的重叠表明，需要采取额外的病媒控制方法来限制传播。定期监测病媒行为和家庭人类行为模式将有助于规划该区域今后的控制干预措施。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12936 - 015 - 0766 - 4）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The human population in the highlands of Nyanza Province, western Kenya, is subject to sporadic epidemics of Plasmodium falciparum. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticide treated nets (LLINs) are used widely in this area. These interventions are most effective when Anopheles rest and feed indoors and when biting occurs at times when individuals use LLINs. It is therefore important to test the current assumption of vector feeding preferences, and late night feeding times, in order to estimate the extent to which LLINs protect the inhabitants from vector bites. Mosquito collections were made for six consecutive nights each month between June 2011 and May 2012. CDC light-traps were set next to occupied LLINs inside and outside randomly selected houses and emptied hourly. The net usage of residents, their hours of house entry and exit and times of sleeping were recorded and the individual hourly exposure to vectors indoors and outdoors was calculated. Using these data, the true protective efficacy of nets (P*), for this population was estimated, and compared between genders, age groups and from month to month. Primary vector species (Anopheles funestus s.l. and Anopheles arabiensis) were more likely to feed indoors but the secondary vector Anopheles coustani demonstrated exophagic behaviour (p < 0.05). A rise in vector biting activity was recorded at 19:30 outdoors and 18:30 indoors. Individuals using LLINs experienced a moderate reduction in their overall exposure to malaria vectors from 1.3 to 0.47 bites per night. The P* for the population over the study period was calculated as 51% and varied significantly with age and season (p < 0.01). In the present study, LLINs offered the local population partial protection against malaria vector bites. It is likely that P* would be estimated to be greater if the overall suppression of the local vector population due to widespread community net use could be taken into account. However, the overlap of early biting habit of vectors and human activity in this region indicates that additional methods of vector control are required to limit transmission. Regular surveillance of both vector behaviour and domestic human-behaviour patterns would assist the planning of future control interventions in this region. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-015-0766-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
BOWDEN, J
通讯作者：
BOWDEN, J
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
DAVIS, JR;HALL, T;SHIFF, CJ
通讯作者：
SHIFF, CJ
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
BIDLINGM.WL
通讯作者：
BIDLINGM.WL
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Atieli, Harrysone E.;Zhou, Guofa;Yan, Guiyun
通讯作者：
Yan, Guiyun
DOI：
10.1016/0169-4758(92)90277-9
发表时间：
1992-04-01
期刊：
PARASITOLOGY TODAY
影响因子：
--
作者：
COLUZZI, M
通讯作者：
COLUZZI, M