Energy Harvesting Chip and the Chip Based Power Supply Development for a Wireless Sensor Network.
Energy Harvesting Chip and the Chip Based Power Supply Development for a Wireless Sensor Network.
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DOI：
10.3390/s8127690
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发表时间：
2008-12-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lee D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee D
在这项研究中，开发了一种能量采集芯片，用于从人造光中收集能量来为无线传感器节点充电。芯片磁芯是一个带有纳米磁流体磁芯的微型变压器。嵌入芯片的变压器可以将太阳能电池收集的能量转换为可变电压输出，以驱动多个负载。该芯片系统提供了一种简单、小巧、更重要的无电池电源解决方案。传感器节点配备了多个传感器，可以通过能量采集电源来采集人体舒适度信息。与实验室仪器相比，在240勒克斯的弱环境光下，温度、湿度和光敏传感器节点在收获能量驱动下的变异系数测量精度小于6%。热舒适性受风速的影响。传感器节点上安装了流量传感器，用于检测气流速度。由于其高功耗，该传感器节点的精度比仪器低15%，但仍能满足预测平均选票(PMV)测量的分析要求。将能量采集无线传感器网络(WSN)部署在一家24小时便利店，从空调控制角度检测热舒适度。在一年的运行中，由能量采集芯片供电的传感器网络保持了正常的功能，采集了商店的PMV指数。根据一个月的通信状态统计，丢包率(PLR)为2.3%，与现有电池供电的无线传感器网络的结果不相上下。参考电能记录，一个能量采集传感器网络的反馈控制可以节省近54%的能量。这些结果表明，能源回收不仅可以为无线传感器节点等电子设备提供可靠的电源，还可以通过构建节能方案来提供能源。
In this study, an energy harvesting chip was developed to scavenge energy from artificial light to charge a wireless sensor node. The chip core is a miniature transformer with a nano-ferrofluid magnetic core. The chip embedded transformer can convert harvested energy from its solar cell to variable voltage output for driving multiple loads. This chip system yields a simple, small, and more importantly, a battery-less power supply solution. The sensor node is equipped with multiple sensors that can be enabled by the energy harvesting power supply to collect information about the human body comfort degree. Compared with lab instruments, the nodes with temperature, humidity and photosensors driven by harvested energy had variation coefficient measurement precision of less than 6% deviation under low environmental light of 240 lux. The thermal comfort was affected by the air speed. A flow sensor equipped on the sensor node was used to detect airflow speed. Due to its high power consumption, this sensor node provided 15% less accuracy than the instruments, but it still can meet the requirement of analysis for predicted mean votes (PMV) measurement. The energy harvesting wireless sensor network (WSN) was deployed in a 24-hour convenience store to detect thermal comfort degree from the air conditioning control. During one year operation, the sensor network powered by the energy harvesting chip retained normal functions to collect the PMV index of the store. According to the one month statistics of communication status, the packet loss rate (PLR) is 2.3%, which is as good as the presented results of those WSNs powered by battery. Referring to the electric power records, almost 54% energy can be saved by the feedback control of an energy harvesting sensor network. These results illustrate that, scavenging energy not only creates a reliable power source for electronic devices, such as wireless sensor nodes, but can also be an energy source by building an energy efficient program.
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