Glacial isostatic uplift of the European Alps.

Glacial isostatic uplift of the European Alps.
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欧洲阿尔卑斯山的冰川等静态升高。

DOI:
10.1038/ncomms13382
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发表时间:
2016-11-10
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Strecker, Manfred R.
Strecker, Manfred R.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mey, Juergen;Scherler, Dirk;Wickert, Andrew D.;Egholm, David L.;Tesauro, Magdala;Schildgen, Taylor F.;Strecker, Manfred R.

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末次盛冰期(LGM)之后,大陆冰盖的消亡导致北美和斯堪的纳维亚构造稳定地区的地壳反弹,这种反弹仍在继续。与冰原不同的是,阿尔卑斯冰帽是在造山带中形成的,在造山带中测量到的隆起可能是由于构造缩短、岩石圈剥离和因冰川消融和侵蚀造成的卸载造成的。在这里,我们表明,在阿尔卑斯山测得的岩石隆升中,约90%可以用地球对LGM脱冰的粘弹性响应来解释。我们通过重建高山冰盖来模拟岩石隆升,同时考虑冰后侵蚀、沉积物沉积和岩石圈刚度的空间变化。Rhône山谷和东阿尔卑斯的过度隆起群描绘了可能受地幔作用、地壳非均质性和活动构造影响的区域。我们的研究表明,即使是小的LGM冰盖也可以在构造活跃地区主导当今的岩石隆起。半个世纪以来,欧洲阿尔卑斯山脉最近隆起的原因一直备受争议。在这里,作者表明,在阿尔卑斯山测得的岩石隆起中,约90%可以用末次盛冰期后地球对冰融化的粘弹性响应来解释。
Following the last glacial maximum (LGM), the demise of continental ice sheets induced crustal rebound in tectonically stable regions of North America and Scandinavia that is still ongoing. Unlike the ice sheets, the Alpine ice cap developed in an orogen where the measured uplift is potentially attributed to tectonic shortening, lithospheric delamination and unloading due to deglaciation and erosion. Here we show that ∼90% of the geodetically measured rock uplift in the Alps can be explained by the Earth’s viscoelastic response to LGM deglaciation. We modelled rock uplift by reconstructing the Alpine ice cap, while accounting for postglacial erosion, sediment deposition and spatial variations in lithospheric rigidity. Clusters of excessive uplift in the Rhône Valley and in the Eastern Alps delineate regions potentially affected by mantle processes, crustal heterogeneity and active tectonics. Our study shows that even small LGM ice caps can dominate present-day rock uplift in tectonically active regions. For half a century, the cause for recent uplift of the European Alps has been debated. Here, the authors show that ∼90% of the geodetically measured rock uplift in the Alps can be explained by the Earth’s viscoelastic response to ice melting after the Last Glacial Maximum.
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