Obesity and cancer.
Obesity and cancer.
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DOI：
10.1634/theoncologist.2009-0285
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Colditz GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wolin KY;Carson K;Colditz GA
本文探讨了管理体重的重要性，以降低癌症发生的风险和癌症患者的生存，并提出了一套策略，可以是有用的指导临床建议的患者体重控制是一个重要的辅助风险管理或提高生活质量和无病生存诊断后。体重、体重增加和肥胖占所有癌症病例的约20%。每一个与癌症的关系的证据进行了总结，包括食管癌，甲状腺癌，结肠癌，肾癌，肝癌，黑色素瘤，多发性骨髓瘤，直肠癌，胆囊癌，白血病，淋巴瘤和前列腺癌的男性和绝经后的乳腺癌和子宫内膜癌的女性。不同的机制驱动这些癌症的病因学途径。减肥，特别是绝经后妇女，降低患乳腺癌的风险。在癌症患者中，数据不太可靠，但我们注意到肥胖女性患乳腺癌后预后不良的长期历史。虽然关于肥胖和其他癌症结果的证据喜忧参半，但越来越多的证据表明身体活动对乳腺癌和结肠癌有益。讨论了肥胖患者化疗和放疗的剂量，并指出了对治疗相关毒性的影响。为减肥和增加体力活动的患者提供咨询的指南，并得到强有力的证据的支持，即增加体力活动可以改善癌症幸存者的生活质量。“五个A”模式指导临床医生通过咨询会议：评估，建议，同意，协助，安排。肥胖对社会的负担继续增加，需要临床医生更加密切地关注癌症预防和诊断后改善的结果。
The article examines the importance of managing weight to reduce risk for developing cancer and for survival among cancer patients and presents a set of strategies that can be useful to guide clinical advice to patients for whom weight control is an important adjunct to risk management or to improve quality of life and disease-free survival after diagnosis. Weight, weight gain, and obesity account for approximately 20% of all cancer cases. Evidence on the relation of each to cancer is summarized, including esophageal, thyroid, colon, renal, liver, melanoma, multiple myeloma, rectum, gallbladder, leukemia, lymphoma, and prostate in men; and postmenopausal breast and endometrium in women. Different mechanisms drive etiologic pathways for these cancers. Weight loss, particularly among postmenopausal women, reduces risk for breast cancer. Among cancer patients, data are less robust, but we note a long history of poor outcomes after breast cancer among obese women. While evidence on obesity and outcomes for other cancers is mixed, growing evidence points to benefits of physical activity for breast and colon cancers. Dosing of chemotherapy and radiation therapy among obese patients is discussed and the impact on therapy-related toxicity is noted. Guidelines for counseling patients for weight loss and increased physical activity are presented and supported by strong evidence that increased physical activity leads to improved quality of life among cancer survivors. The “Five A's” model guides clinicians through a counseling session: assess, advise, agree, assist, arrange. The burden of obesity on society continues to increase and warrants closer attention by clinicians for both cancer prevention and improved outcomes after diagnosis.
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影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Flegal, KM;Carroll, MD;Johnson, CL
通讯作者：
Johnson, CL
影响因子：
--
作者：
Du Bois, D;Du Bois, EF
通讯作者：
Du Bois, EF
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Bennett, Gary G.;Wolin, Kathleen Y.;Emmons, Karen M.
通讯作者：
Emmons, Karen M.
影响因子：
45.3
作者：
Goodwin, PJ;Ennis, M;Hood, N
通讯作者：
Hood, N
DOI：
10.1249/01.mss.0000210200.87328.3f
发表时间：
2006-04-01
期刊：
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bennett, GG;Wolin, KY;Emmons, KM
通讯作者：
Emmons, KM