Target specificity improves search, but how universal is the benefit?
Target specificity improves search, but how universal is the benefit?
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DOI：
10.3758/s13414-020-02111-1
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schmidt J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ercolino AM;Patel P;Bohil C;Neider MB;Schmidt J
图片线索一般产生更强的搜索性能相对于分类线索。我们问的是，图像提示的好处有多普遍？为了测试这一点，我们训练观察者对正弦光栅进行分类，其中类别由空间频率或方向区分。接下来，参与者完成了一项搜索任务，其中目标是图片和分类线索。主要依赖于中央凹处理的目标和分心物处理的措施表现出普遍的好处，但是，在方向条件下的好处更大。重要的是，空间注意力方向的索引（即，目标引导）表明方向条件产生了图像效果，但空间频率条件没有。实验二复制了空间频率的结果，也包括条件，增加了可辨别性，降低了空间频率，或既增加了可辨别性，降低了空间频率的类别。我们发现，只有利用较低的空间频率类别产生的图像指导的好处。这表明，图片线索并没有普遍提高搜索性能以上的分类线索，它取决于区分类别的功能。此外，增加的可辨别性条件改善了指导，但未能产生图像效益，这表明目标指导量和图像效益之间存在有趣的分离。已知感知从低/粗空间频率进展到高/细空间频率，这表明图像引导益处仅作用于早期低空间频率处理，但中央凹对象识别过程利用早期和晚期空间频率处理。
Pictorial cues generally produce stronger search performance relative to categorical cues. We asked how universal is the benefit of a pictorial cue? To test this, we trained observers to categorize sinusoidal gratings in which categories were distinguished by spatial frequency or orientation. Next, participants completed a search task in which targets were pictorially and categorically cued. Measures of target and distractor processing that primarily rely on foveal processing showed universal benefits; however, the benefit was larger in the orientation condition. Importantly, an index of the direction of spatial attention (i.e., target guidance) showed that the orientation condition produced a pictorial benefit but the spatial frequency condition did not. Experiment two replicated the spatial frequency results and also included conditions that increased the discriminability, lowered the spatial frequencies, or both increased the discriminability and decreased the spatial frequencies of the categories. We found that only categories utilizing lower spatial frequencies produced a pictorial guidance benefit. This demonstrates that pictorial cues do not universally improve search performance above categorical cues; it depends on the features that distinguish the categories. Additionally, the increased discriminability condition improved guidance but failed to produce a pictorial benefit, suggesting an interesting disassociation between the amount of target guidance and the existence of a pictorial benefit. Given that perception is known to progress from low/coarse to high/fine spatial frequencies, this suggests that the pictorial guidance benefit acts on early low spatial frequency processing only, but foveal object recognition processes utilize both early and late spatial frequency processing.
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.29.4.650
发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Maddox, WT;Ashby, FG;Bohil, CJ
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhq112
发表时间：
2011-02
期刊：
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Goffaux V;Peters J;Haubrechts J;Schiltz C;Jansma B;Goebel R
通讯作者：
Goebel R
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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