Indirect Genetic Effects for Survival in Domestic Chickens (Gallus gallus) Are Magnified in Crossbred Genotypes and Show a Parent-of-Origin Effect
Indirect Genetic Effects for Survival in Domestic Chickens (Gallus gallus) Are Magnified in Crossbred Genotypes and Show a Parent-of-Origin Effect
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家鸡（原鸡）生存的间接遗传效应在杂交基因型中被放大，并显示出亲本效应
DOI：
10.1534/genetics.112.142554
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
P. Bijma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Peeters;T. T. Eppink;E. Ellen;J. Visscher;P. Bijma
通过社会互动，个体可以影响彼此的表型。个体对同种表型的可遗传效应称为间接遗传效应(IGE)。虽然IGES可以对遗传变异和对选择的反应产生重大影响，但人们对受IGES影响的性状的遗传结构知之甚少。我们利用两个纯种系及其正反交的数据，研究了家鸡(Gallus Gallus)中IGES对存活的影响。鸟儿被饲养在四只鸟一组。啄羽毛和吃人会导致死亡，因为喙是完好无损的。杂交种的存活时间比纯种的短，表明远交衰退和非加性遗传效应的存在。IGES贡献了杂交后代的大部分遗传变异(87%和72%)和大约一半的纯种遗传变异(65%和44%)。没有直接或间接的显性变异的证据。没有显性变异，加上相当大的远缘繁殖衰退，表明存活率受到许多基因座的影响。直接-间接遗传相关在杂交组合中呈中度至高度负相关(−为0.37±0.17，−为0.83±0.10)，而在纯种中为低水平，与零无显著差异(分别为0.20±0.21和−0.28±0.18)。因此，与纯种不同，杂交种不会对大规模选择做出积极反应。两个杂交组合间的直接遗传相关系数为0.95±0.23，间接遗传相关系数为0.41±0.26。因此，对于IGES来说，重要的是哪个亲本提供了父本，哪个提供了水坝。这种间接的亲本效应似乎是父系遗传的，可能与Z染色体连锁。
Through social interactions, individuals can affect one another’s phenotype. The heritable effect of an individual on the phenotype of a conspecific is known as an indirect genetic effect (IGE). Although IGEs can have a substantial impact on heritable variation and response to selection, little is known about the genetic architecture of traits affected by IGEs. We studied IGEs for survival in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus), using data on two purebred lines and their reciprocal cross. Birds were kept in groups of four. Feather pecking and cannibalism caused mortality, as beaks were kept intact. Survival time was shorter in crossbreds than in purebreds, indicating outbreeding depression and the presence of nonadditive genetic effects. IGEs contributed the majority of heritable variation in crossbreds (87 and 72%) and around half of heritable variation in purebreds (65 and 44%). There was no evidence of dominance variance, neither direct nor indirect. Absence of dominance variance in combination with considerable outbreeding depression suggests that survival is affected by many loci. Direct–indirect genetic correlations were moderately to highly negative in crossbreds (−0.37 ± 0.17 and −0.83 ± 0.10), but low and not significantly different from zero in purebreds (0.20 ± 0.21 and −0.28 ± 0.18). Consequently, unlike purebreds, crossbreds would fail to respond positively to mass selection. The direct genetic correlation between both crosses was high (0.95 ± 0.23), whereas the indirect genetic correlation was moderate (0.41 ± 0.26). Thus, for IGEs, it mattered which parental line provided the sire and which provided the dam. This indirect parent-of-origin effect appeared to be paternally transmitted and is probably Z chromosome linked.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Xu, J;Burgoyne, PS;Arnold, AP
通讯作者：
Arnold, AP