Role of the polycomb protein EED in the propagation of repressive histone marks.

Role of the polycomb protein EED in the propagation of repressive histone marks.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature08398
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发表时间:
2009-10-08
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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多梳族 (PcG) 蛋白在抑制染色质状态的表观遗传维持中发挥着重要作用。 Polycomb 抑制复合物 2 (PRC2) 的基因沉默活性取决于其通过 EZH2 亚基的催化 SET 结构域以及该复合物的至少两个其他亚基:Suz12 和 Eed,使组蛋白 H3 (H3K27) 的赖氨酸 27 三甲基化的能力。我们发现,Eed 的 C 端结构域特异性地与携带与抑制性染色质标记相关的三甲基赖氨酸残基的组蛋白尾结合,这导致 PRC2 甲基转移酶活性的变构激活。 Eed 中的突变阻止其识别抑制性三甲基赖氨酸标记,从而在体外消除了 PRC2 的激活,并且在果蝇中降低了整体甲基化并扰乱了发育。这些发现提出了 H3K27me3 标记的传播模型,该模型解释了抑制性染色质结构域的维持以及组蛋白修饰从母细胞到子细胞的传递。
Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins play an essential role in the epigenetic maintenance of repressive chromatin states. The gene silencing activity of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) depends on its ability to tri-methylate lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27) via the catalytic SET domain of the EZH2 subunit, and at least two other subunits of the complex: Suz12 and Eed. We show that the C-terminal domain of Eed specifically binds to histone tails carrying tri-methyl lysine residues associated with repressive chromatin marks and that this leads to the allosteric activation of the methyltransferase activity of PRC2. Mutations in Eed that prevent it from recognising repressive trimethyl-lysine marks abolish activation of PRC2 in vitro and, in Drosophila, reduces global methylation and disrupts development. These findings suggest a model for the propagation of the H3K27me3 mark that accounts for the maintenance of repressive chromatin domains and for the transmission of a histone modification from mother to daughter cells.
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