Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans metabolism: from genome sequence to industrial applications.
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans metabolism: from genome sequence to industrial applications.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-9-597
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发表时间：
2008-12-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Holmes, David S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Valdes, Jorge;Pedroso, Inti;Quatrini, Raquel;Dodson, Robert J.;Tettelin, Herve;Blake, Robert, II;Eisen, Jonathan A.;Holmes, David S.
嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌是用于工业回收铜（生物浸出或生物采矿）的微生物财团的主要参与者。它是一种化能自养的γ-变形菌，利用含铁和硫矿物质氧化产生的能量进行生长。它在极低的pH值（pH 1-2）下生长，并固定大气中的碳和氮。它从岩石中溶解铜和其他金属，并在酸性环境中的营养和金属地球化学循环中发挥重要作用。由于缺乏一个完善的遗传操作系统，阻碍了对其生理学的彻底探索。此外，先前的代谢模型是基于对多种（有时是远亲）微生物菌株的检查而构建的，这也造成了混乱。模式菌株A的基因组。对氧化亚铁硫杆菌ATCC 23270进行测序和注释，以鉴定一般特征并为计算机代谢重建提供框架。铁和硫的氧化，生物膜形成，群体感应，无机离子吸收和氨基酸代谢的早期模型得到证实和扩展。初步模型提出了中央碳代谢，厌氧代谢（包括硫还原，氢代谢和固氮），应激反应，DNA修复，金属和有毒化合物通量。生物信息学分析为基因发现和功能预测提供了一个有价值的平台，有助于解释A.铁氧化物在工业生物沥滤中的作用及其在酸性环境中作为初级生产者的作用。模式菌株的基因组分析提供了其基因内容和代谢潜力的一致看法。
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a major participant in consortia of microorganisms used for the industrial recovery of copper (bioleaching or biomining). It is a chemolithoautrophic, γ-proteobacterium using energy from the oxidation of iron- and sulfur-containing minerals for growth. It thrives at extremely low pH (pH 1–2) and fixes both carbon and nitrogen from the atmosphere. It solubilizes copper and other metals from rocks and plays an important role in nutrient and metal biogeochemical cycling in acid environments. The lack of a well-developed system for genetic manipulation has prevented thorough exploration of its physiology. Also, confusion has been caused by prior metabolic models constructed based upon the examination of multiple, and sometimes distantly related, strains of the microorganism. The genome of the type strain A. ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 was sequenced and annotated to identify general features and provide a framework for in silico metabolic reconstruction. Earlier models of iron and sulfur oxidation, biofilm formation, quorum sensing, inorganic ion uptake, and amino acid metabolism are confirmed and extended. Initial models are presented for central carbon metabolism, anaerobic metabolism (including sulfur reduction, hydrogen metabolism and nitrogen fixation), stress responses, DNA repair, and metal and toxic compound fluxes. Bioinformatics analysis provides a valuable platform for gene discovery and functional prediction that helps explain the activity of A. ferrooxidans in industrial bioleaching and its role as a primary producer in acidic environments. An analysis of the genome of the type strain provides a coherent view of its gene content and metabolic potential.
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