Perceived parenting and psychological well-being in UK ethnic minority adolescents.
Perceived parenting and psychological well-being in UK ethnic minority adolescents.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01115.x
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发表时间：
2010-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Harding S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maynard MJ;Harding S
温暖、关怀的养育方式加上适当的监督和控制被认为有助于年轻人获得最佳的心理健康结果。这种关于“最佳”养育和健康的观点在多大程度上适用于不同种族，值得进一步关注。我们研究了不同种族的英国青少年之间的感知父母照顾和父母控制和心理健康之间的关联。2003年，对4 349名11-13岁的学生进行了8项自我报告的育儿项目。这些项目被用来推导父母的照顾和控制分数。分数越高，分别表示护理和控制越好。心理幸福感是基于古德曼的优势和困难问卷的心理困难总分，得分随着困难的增加而增加。与白人相比，所有少数民族学生的平均护理分数较低，平均控制分数较高。在按种族分层的模型中，与参考类别相比，增加父母的照顾与较低的心理困难评分（更好的心理健康）和增加父母的控制与较高的心理困难评分相关。根据年龄、性别、家庭类型和社会经济状况调整后，父母照顾的最高和最低三分位数之间的心理困难差异为：白色英国=-2.92（95%置信区间-3.72，-2.12）;加勒比黑人=-2.08（−2.94，−1.22）;尼日利亚/加纳=−2.60（−3.58，−1.62）;其他非洲=−3.12（−4.24，−2.01）;印度=−2.77（−4.09，−1.45）;巴基斯坦/孟加拉=−3.15（−4.27，−2.03）。在族裔群体之间（即在包括族裔的模型中），即使在低护理和低自主性类别中，少数群体的心理健康状况也明显优于白人。然而，调整养育分数并没有完全考虑到少数民族的保护作用。尽管报告中存在差异，但所有族裔群体的父母教养质量与心理困难评分相关。因此，支持养育子女的方案很可能会有效，而不论其族裔。
Warm, caring parenting with appropriate supervision and control is considered to contribute to the best mental health outcomes for young people. The extent to which this view on ‘optimal’ parenting and health applies across ethnicities, warrants further attention. We examined associations between perceived parental care and parental control and psychological well-being among ethnically diverse UK adolescents. In 2003 a sample of 4349 pupils aged 11–13 years completed eight self-reported parenting items. These items were used to derive the parental care and control scores. Higher score represents greater care and control, respectively. Psychological well-being was based on total psychological difficulties score from Goodman's Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, increasing score corresponding to increasing difficulties. All minority pupils had lower mean care and higher mean control scores compared with Whites. In models stratified by ethnicity, increasing parental care was associated with lower psychological difficulties score (better mental health) and increasing parental control with higher psychological difficulties score within each ethnic group, compared with reference categories. The difference in psychological difficulties between the highest and lowest tertiles of parental care, adjusted for age, sex, family type and socio-economic circumstances, was: White UK =−2.92 (95% confidence interval −3.72, −2.12); Black Caribbean =−2.08 (−2.94, −1.22); Nigerian/Ghanaian =−2.60 (−3.58, −1.62); Other African =−3.12 (−4.24, −2.01); Indian =−2.77 (−4.09, −1.45); Pakistani/ Bangladeshi =−3.15 (−4.27, −2.03). Between ethnic groups (i.e. in models including ethnicity), relatively better mental health of minority groups compared with Whites was apparent even in categories of low care and low autonomy. Adjusting for parenting scores, however, did not fully account for the protective effect of minority ethnicity. Perceived quality of parenting is a correlate of psychological difficulties score for all ethnic groups despite differences in reporting. It is therefore likely that programmes supporting parenting will be effective regardless of ethnicity.
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