Interpreting historical, botanical, and geological evidence to aid preparations for future floods
Interpreting historical, botanical, and geological evidence to aid preparations for future floods
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解释历史、植物和地质证据，以帮助为未来的洪水做好准备
DOI：
10.1002/wat2.1318
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
O. Wetter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Wilhelm;J. A. Ballesteros Cánovas;N. Macdonald;W. Toonen;V. Baker;M. Barriendos;G. Benito;A. Brauer;J. Corella;R. Denniston;R. Glaser;M. Ionita;M. Kahle;Tao Liu;M. Luetscher;M. Macklin;M. Mudelsee;S. Muñoz;L. Schulte;S. St. George;M. Stoffel;O. Wetter
河流洪水是全球最具破坏性的自然灾害之一，造成广泛的生命损失、基础设施破坏和经济匮乏。目前，社会正面临着此类洪水日益严重的威胁，这主要是由于洪水易发地区的人员和资产暴露程度的增加，也是由于洪水强度、频率和时间发生变化的结果。因此，准确的洪水灾害和风险评估对于全世界社会的可持续发展至关重要。由于水文测量的缺乏，来自现场的证据提供了对真正的极端事件及其在空间和时间上的变化的唯一洞察。历史、植物和地质档案越来越被认为是极端洪水事件信息的宝贵来源。这里回顾这些不同的档案，特别关注洪水信息的记录机制、方法的历史发展以及这些档案可以提供的信息类型。这些研究提供了数百个历史和古洪水系列的丰富数据集，其分析揭示了欧洲记录的明显主导地位。在描述了该数据集提供的洪水信息的多样性之后，我们确定了这些记录是如何改进的，并可以进一步改进洪水灾害评估，从而改进洪水管理和缓解计划。
River flooding is among the most destructive of natural hazards globally, causing widespread loss of life, damage to infrastructure and economic deprivation. Societies are currently under increasing threat from such floods, predominantly from increasing exposure of people and assets in flood‐prone areas, but also as a result of changes in flood magnitude, frequency, and timing. Accurate flood hazard and risk assessment are therefore crucial for the sustainable development of societies worldwide. With a paucity of hydrological measurements, evidence from the field offers the only insight into truly extreme events and their variability in space and time. Historical, botanical, and geological archives have increasingly been recognized as valuable sources of extreme flood event information. These different archives are here reviewed with a particular focus on the recording mechanisms of flood information, the historical development of the methodological approaches and the type of information that those archives can provide. These studies provide a wealthy dataset of hundreds of historical and palaeoflood series, whose analysis reveals a noticeable dominance of records in Europe. After describing the diversity of flood information provided by this dataset, we identify how these records have improved and could further improve flood hazard assessments and, thereby, flood management and mitigation plans.
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Brunck, H.;Sirocko, F.;Albert, J.
通讯作者：
Albert, J.
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
I. Himmelsbach;R. Glaser;J. Schönbein;D. Riemann;B. Martin
通讯作者：
I. Himmelsbach;R. Glaser;J. Schönbein;D. Riemann;B. Martin
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Munoz, Samuel E.;Giosan, Liviu;Donnelly, Jeffrey P.
通讯作者：
Donnelly, Jeffrey P.