Gene- and Species-Specific Hox mRNA Translation by Ribosome Expansion Segments.

Gene- and Species-Specific Hox mRNA Translation by Ribosome Expansion Segments.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2020.10.023
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发表时间:
2020-12-17
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Barna M
Barna M
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Leppek K;Fujii K;Quade N;Susanto TT;Boehringer D;Lenarčič T;Xue S;Genuth NR;Ban N;Barna M

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核糖体被认为直接控制基因调控,然而核糖体RNA(rRNA)的调控作用在很大程度上仍未被探索。真核生物的扩展片段(extension segments,ES)是由从核心核糖体延伸出来的大量触角状rRNA结构组成。ES在真核生物进化过程中序列和大小变化很大,功能很大程度上未知。在表征核糖体与同源异型框(Hox)5' UTR内的调节元件的结合时,我们意外地鉴定了该元件内的模块化茎环,其结合单个ES,ES 9 S。工程嵌合,“人源化”酵母核糖体的ES 9 S揭示了进化的ES 9 S序列的变化赋予物种特异性结合的Hoxa 9 mRNA的核糖体。基因组编辑以位点特异性破坏Hoxa 9-ES 9 S相互作用证明了这种选择性mRNA-rRNA结合在翻译控制中的功能重要性。总之,这些研究揭示了由rRNA直接介导的意想不到的基因调控以及核糖体进化如何驱动关键发育调节因子的翻译。Leppek及其同事描述了一种新的由核糖体RNA(rRNA)直接介导的基因调控层。他们证明了rRNA的延伸区域,称为扩展片段,在进化过程中序列和大小不同,选择性地与Hoxa 9 5 'UTR中的RNA茎环相互作用,以指导物种和基因特异性翻译。
Ribosomes have been suggested to directly control gene regulation, however regulatory roles for ribosomal RNA (rRNA) remain largely unexplored. Expansion segments (ESs) consist of multitudes of tentacle-like rRNA structures extending from the core ribosome in eukaryotes. ESs are remarkably variable in sequence and size across eukaryotic evolution with largely unknown functions. In characterizing ribosome binding to a regulatory element within a Homeobox (Hox) 5’ UTR, we unexpectedly identify a modular stem-loop within this element that binds to a single ES, ES9S. Engineering chimeric, “humanized” yeast ribosomes for ES9S reveals that an evolutionary change in the sequence of ES9S endows species-specific binding of Hoxa9 mRNA to the ribosome. Genome editing to site-specifically disrupt the Hoxa9-ES9S interaction demonstrates the functional importance for such selective mRNA-rRNA binding in translation control. Together, these studies unravel unexpected gene regulation directly mediated by rRNA and how ribosome evolution drives translation of critical developmental regulators. Leppek and colleagues describe a novel layer of gene regulation mediated directly by ribosomal RNA (rRNA). They demonstrate that extended regions of rRNA, called expansion segments, which vary in sequence and size across evolution, selectively interact with an RNA stem-loop in the Hoxa9 5’UTR to guide species- and gene-specific translation.
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