Rapid evolution of cooperation in group-living animals.
Rapid evolution of cooperation in group-living animals.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-13-235
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发表时间：
2013-10-29
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Ostner J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Franz M;Schülke O;Ostner J
人们通常认为进化发生在非常大的时间尺度上。与这一假设相反，快速进化动力学在生物系统中被越来越多地记录下来，例如在捕食者-猎物相互作用、物种共存和入侵的背景下。事实还表明，快速发展可以促进合作的发展。在这种背景下，进化动态往往会影响种群动态，但在空间模型中，快速进化动态也会随着种群规模的不变而出现。目前还不清楚这些空间模型对个体没有嵌入固定空间结构的物种有多大的适用性。为了解决这个问题，我们采用了一种基于主体的群体生活个体模型。我们考察了合作者和叛逃者之间的正向分类以及合作者和叛逃者之间的报酬差异如何依赖于进化动力学的发生。当比较有选择和没有选择的情景时，我们发现合作者和叛逃者之间的正向分类和回报差异不同，这表明在选择情景中正在发生快速的进化动态。具体地说，快速进化的发生是因为积极分类的变化反馈进化动态，而进化动态对合作的进化产生关键影响。在合作者的频率较高时，这些反馈动态增加了积极的分类，促进了合作的进化。相反，在合作者的低频率下，快速的进化动态导致种类的减少，这不利于合作的进化。合作者在低频和高频下的对比动态产生了积极的频率依赖选择。即使种群大小和最大种群规模不受进化动态的影响，快速进化动态也能影响群居物种的合作进化，并导致正的频率依赖选择。在这种情况下，可以出现快速的进化动态，因为足够强大的选择压力允许进化和人口动态，从而也允许分类和进化之间的反馈在相同的时间尺度上发生。特别是，新出现的正向频率依赖选择可能是具有相似种群结构的不同物种(如人类和黑猩猩)之间合作行为差异的重要解释。
It is often assumed that evolution takes place on very large timescales. Countering this assumption, rapid evolutionary dynamics are increasingly documented in biological systems, e.g. in the context of predator–prey interactions, species coexistence and invasion. It has also been shown that rapid evolution can facilitate the evolution of cooperation. In this context often evolutionary dynamics influence population dynamics, but in spatial models rapid evolutionary dynamics also emerge with constant population sizes. Currently it is not clear how well these spatial models apply to species in which individuals are not embedded in fixed spatial structures. To address this issue we employ an agent-based model of group living individuals. We investigate how positive assortment between cooperators and defectors and pay-off differences between cooperators and defectors depend on the occurrence of evolutionary dynamics. We find that positive assortment and pay-off differences between cooperators and defectors differ when comparing scenarios with and without selection, which indicates that rapid evolutionary dynamics are occurring in the selection scenarios. Specifically, rapid evolution occurs because changes in positive assortment feed back on evolutionary dynamics, which crucially impacts the evolution of cooperation. At high frequencies of cooperators these feedback dynamics increase positive assortment facilitating the evolution of cooperation. In contrast, at low frequencies of cooperators rapid evolutionary dynamics lead to a decrease in assortment, which acts against the evolution of cooperation. The contrasting dynamics at low and high frequencies of cooperators create positive frequency-dependent selection. Rapid evolutionary dynamics can influence the evolution of cooperation in group-living species and lead to positive frequency-dependent selection even if population size and maximum group-size are not affected by evolutionary dynamics. Rapid evolutionary dynamics can emerge in this case because sufficiently strong selective pressures allow evolutionary and demographic dynamics, and consequently also feedback between assortment and evolution, to occur on the same timescale. In particular, emerging positive frequency-dependent selection could be an important explanation for differences in cooperative behaviors among different species with similar population structures such as humans and chimpanzees.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Bowles, Samuel
通讯作者：
Bowles, Samuel
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Giraud, T;Blatrix, R;Jaisson, P
通讯作者：
Jaisson, P
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2009.0004
发表时间：
2009-06-12
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Jones, Laura E.;Becks, Lutz;Fussmann, Gregor F.
通讯作者：
Fussmann, Gregor F.
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Gardner, A.;West, S. A.
通讯作者：
West, S. A.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0710150104
发表时间：
2007-12-11
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Hallatschek, Oskar;Hersen, Pascal;Nelson, David R.
通讯作者：
Nelson, David R.