Regulation of the X Chromosome in the Germline and Soma of Drosophila melanogaster Males.

Regulation of the X Chromosome in the Germline and Soma of Drosophila melanogaster Males.
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DOI:
10.3390/genes9050242
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发表时间:
2018-05-04
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Parsch J
Parsch J
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Argyridou E;Parsch J

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在异形性染色体的进化过程中,性别特异的Y染色体退化,而X染色体进化出新的调控机制。利用生物信息学和实验方法,我们研究了X染色体在果蝇中的表达。我们在雄性体细胞组织中观察到几乎完全的X染色体剂量补偿,但在睾丸中没有观察到。即使考虑到缺乏剂量补偿,X染色体包含的在睾丸中高表达的基因比常染色体少得不成比例,这表明另一种机制抑制了它们在男性生殖系中的表达。这与对报告基因和转座基因的研究一致,研究发现,同一基因在常染色体上的表达高于X连锁时。利用一个同时在睾丸和体细胞组织中表达的新的报告基因,我们发现X连锁基因的表达受到抑制仅限于在睾丸中高表达的基因,并且抑制的程度与表达水平呈正相关。
During the evolution of heteromorphic sex chromosomes, the sex-specific Y chromosome degenerates, while the X chromosome evolves new mechanisms of regulation. Using bioinformatic and experimental approaches, we investigate the expression of the X chromosome in Drosophila melanogaster. We observe nearly complete X chromosome dosage compensation in male somatic tissues, but not in testis. The X chromosome contains disproportionately fewer genes with high expression in testis than the autosomes, even after accounting for the lack of dosage compensation, which suggests that another mechanism suppresses their expression in the male germline. This is consistent with studies of reporter genes and transposed genes, which find that the same gene has higher expression when autosomal than when X-linked. Using a new reporter gene that is expressed in both testis and somatic tissues, we find that the suppression of X-linked gene expression is limited to genes with high expression in testis and that the extent of the suppression is positively correlated with expression level.
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