Drought losses in China might double between the 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C warming.

Drought losses in China might double between the 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C warming.
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如果气温升高 1.5 至 2.0 摄氏度,中国的干旱损失可能会增加一倍

DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1802129115
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发表时间:
2018-10-16
影响因子:
11.1
通讯作者:
Jiang T
Jiang T
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Su B;Huang J;Fischer T;Wang Y;Kundzewicz ZW;Zhai J;Sun H;Wang A;Zeng X;Wang G;Tao H;Gemmer M;Li X;Jiang T

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我们预测了全球变暖1.5 °C和2.0 °C时中国的干旱损失。为了评估未来的干旱损失,我们在共同的社会经济路径下预测区域国内生产总值,而不是使用静态的社会经济情景。我们确定增加降水和蒸散模式。随着中国干旱强度和面积的增加,干旱损失将大幅增加。在升温1.5 °C的情况下,可持续发展道路上的估计损失将比1986-2005年参照期高出10倍,比2006-2015年高出3倍。然而,与升温2.0 ° C相比,减缓气候变化,将气温上升限制在1.5 °C,可以大大减少中国每年的干旱损失。基于标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)和帕尔默干旱指数(PDSI),采用聚类分析方法和“强度-损失率”函数,对全球升温1.5 °C和2.0 °C条件下中国的干旱损失进行了预测。与早期研究相反,为了预测干旱损失,我们在共享的社会经济路径下预测区域国内生产总值,而不是使用静态的社会经济情景。我们分别确定了2020-2039年和2040-2059年全球变暖1.5 °C和2.0 °C时的降水和蒸散增加模式。随着中国干旱强度和面积的增加,干旱损失将飙升。与1986-2005年参照期相比,在1.5 °C升温水平下,可持续发展途径的估计损失增加了10倍,与2006-2015年期间相比增加了近3倍。然而,将升温幅度限制在1.5 ℃,与升温2.0 ℃相比,中国每年的干旱损失可减少数百亿美元。
We project drought losses in China under global warming of 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C. To assess future drought losses, we project the regional gross domestic product under shared socioeconomic pathways instead of using a static socioeconomic scenario. We identify increasing precipitation and evapotranspiration patterns. With increasing drought intensity and areal coverage across China, drought losses will increase considerably. The estimated losses in a sustainable development pathway at 1.5 °C warming will be 10 times higher than in the reference period 1986–2005 and three times higher than in 2006–2015. Yet, climate change mitigation, limiting the temperature increase to 1.5 °C, can considerably reduce the annual drought losses in China, compared with 2.0 °C warming. We project drought losses in China under global temperature increase of 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C, based on the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), a cluster analysis method, and “intensity-loss rate” function. In contrast to earlier studies, to project the drought losses, we predict the regional gross domestic product under shared socioeconomic pathways instead of using a static socioeconomic scenario. We identify increasing precipitation and evapotranspiration pattern for the 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C global warming above the preindustrial at 2020–2039 and 2040–2059, respectively. With increasing drought intensity and areal coverage across China, drought losses will soar. The estimated loss in a sustainable development pathway at the 1.5 °C warming level increases 10-fold in comparison with the reference period 1986–2005 and nearly threefold relative to the interval 2006–2015. However, limiting the temperature increase to 1.5 °C can reduce the annual drought losses in China by several tens of billions of US dollars, compared with the 2.0 °C warming.
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