Bacteria and bacterial envelope components enhance mammalian reovirus thermostability.
Bacteria and bacterial envelope components enhance mammalian reovirus thermostability.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.ppat.1006768
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Mainou BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berger AK;Yi H;Kearns DB;Mainou BA
肠道病毒在通过胃肠道迁移感染宿主时，会遇到各种各样的环境。真核病毒与宿主微生物群成员的相互作用可以极大地影响病毒生物学的各个方面，包括病毒感染宿主的效率。哺乳动物正呼肠孤病毒是一种人类肠道病毒，在儿童时期感染大多数人，在感染前进行抗生素治疗会对其产生负面影响。然而，目前尚不清楚宿主微生物群的成分如何影响呼肠孤病毒的感染性。在这项研究中，我们发现呼肠孤病毒病毒体直接与革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌相互作用。呼肠孤病毒与细菌细胞的相互作用增强了病毒粒子的热稳定性，从而在环境损伤后增强了细胞的附着和感染。细菌包膜成分脂多糖（LPS）和肽聚糖（PG）也能增强病毒粒子的热稳定性。脂磷胆酸和含n -乙酰氨基葡萄糖的多糖以血清型依赖的方式增强病毒粒子的稳定性。LPS和PG还增强了与肠道原发感染相关的呼肠孤病毒中间颗粒（ISVP）的热稳定性。尽管LPS和PG改变了呼肠孤病毒的热稳定性，但这些细菌包膜成分并不影响呼肠孤病毒对其蛋白细胞受体连接粘附分子- a的利用或细胞进入动力学。LPS和PG也不影响呼肠孤病毒衣壳蛋白σ1和σ3的总数，说明它们对病毒粒子热稳定性的影响不是通过改变病毒主要衣壳蛋白的总数来介导的。呼肠孤病毒与LPS和PG孵育对呼肠孤病毒特异性抗体的中和效率没有显著影响。这些数据表明，细菌通过病毒颗粒和细菌包膜组分之间的相互作用，增强呼肠孤病毒颗粒在各种温度下的热稳定性，从而增强呼肠孤病毒对肠道的感染。肠道病毒在其复制周期中暴露于不同的环境中。它们必须足够稳定，能够在宿主外存活，能够在通过消化道和胃肠道时遇到的pH和蛋白水解环境的变化中持续存在，并且在感染宿主细胞时能够被分解。一些肠道病毒已经进化到与宿主微生物群的成员相互作用并利用它们来达到最佳的病毒粒子稳定性来感染宿主。在这项研究中，我们表明肠道哺乳动物呼肠孤病毒（呼肠孤病毒）与细菌相互作用。病毒与细菌或细菌包膜成分的相互作用增强了病毒粒子的稳定性，从而在环境压力下增强了呼肠孤病毒的感染性。呼肠孤病毒与细菌包膜成分的相互作用不会改变受体的利用、总体感染动力学或影响呼肠孤病毒特异性抗体的抗病毒作用。总之，我们表明呼肠孤病毒已经进化到使用革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌在各种温度下提供增强的病毒粒子稳定性。
Enteric viruses encounter diverse environments as they migrate through the gastrointestinal tract to infect their hosts. The interaction of eukaryotic viruses with members of the host microbiota can greatly impact various aspects of virus biology, including the efficiency with which viruses can infect their hosts. Mammalian orthoreovirus, a human enteric virus that infects most humans during childhood, is negatively affected by antibiotic treatment prior to infection. However, it is not known how components of the host microbiota affect reovirus infectivity. In this study, we show that reovirus virions directly interact with Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Reovirus interaction with bacterial cells conveys enhanced virion thermostability that translates into enhanced attachment and infection of cells following an environmental insult. Enhanced virion thermostability was also conveyed by bacterial envelope components lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PG). Lipoteichoic acid and N-acetylglucosamine-containing polysaccharides enhanced virion stability in a serotype-dependent manner. LPS and PG also enhanced the thermostability of an intermediate reovirus particle (ISVP) that is associated with primary infection in the gut. Although LPS and PG alter reovirus thermostability, these bacterial envelope components did not affect reovirus utilization of its proteinaceous cellular receptor junctional adhesion molecule-A or cell entry kinetics. LPS and PG also did not affect the overall number of reovirus capsid proteins σ1 and σ3, suggesting their effect on virion thermostability is not mediated through altering the overall number of major capsid proteins on the virus. Incubation of reovirus with LPS and PG did not significantly affect the neutralizing efficiency of reovirus-specific antibodies. These data suggest that bacteria enhance reovirus infection of the intestinal tract by enhancing the thermal stability of the reovirus particle at a variety of temperatures through interactions between the viral particle and bacterial envelope components. Enteric viruses are exposed to diverse environments during their replication cycle. They must be stable enough to endure outside their host, persist through changing pH and proteolytic environments encountered through passage via digestive and gastrointestinal tracts, and pliable to undergo disassembly during infection of host cells. Some enteric viruses have evolved to interact with and use members of the host microbiota to achieve optimal virion stability to infect their host. In this study, we show that the enteric mammalian reovirus (reovirus) interacts with bacteria. The interaction of the virus with bacteria or bacterial envelope components results in enhanced virion stability, which translates into enhanced reovirus infectivity following an environmental stress. The interaction of reovirus with bacterial envelope components does not alter receptor utilization, overall infection kinetics, or affect the anti-viral effects of reovirus-specific antibodies. Together, we show that reovirus has evolved to use Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria to provide enhanced virion stability at a variety of temperatures.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrmicro3552
发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
Nature reviews. Microbiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Donaldson GP;Lee SM;Mazmanian SK
通讯作者：
Mazmanian SK
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Doyle, Joshua D.;Danthi, Pranav;Dermody, Terence S.
通讯作者：
Dermody, Terence S.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
BORSA, J;MORASH, BD;SZEKELY, JG
通讯作者：
SZEKELY, JG
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
BODKIN, DK;NIBERT, ML;FIELDS, BN
通讯作者：
FIELDS, BN
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Forrest, JC;Campbell, JA;Dermody, TS
通讯作者：
Dermody, TS