DFT/MM description of flavin IR spectra in BLUF domains.

DFT/MM description of flavin IR spectra in BLUF domains.
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BLUF 域中黄素红外光谱的 DFT/MM 描述

DOI:
10.1021/jp2043637
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发表时间:
2011
期刊:
The journal of physical chemistry. B
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
P. Tavan
P. Tavan
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
S Bauer;G Mathias;P. Tavan

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存在于各种生物体中的一类光感受器由使用黄素 (BLUF) 进行蓝光感应的域组成。黄素发色团的振动光谱通过光谱很好地表征了溶液中 BLUF 结构域的暗适应静止状态和光适应信号状态。在这里,我们通过将密度泛函理论(DFT)应用于嵌入其蛋白质和溶剂环境的分子力学(MM)模型中的黄素,对此类光谱进行了理论分析。通过 DFT/MM,我们计算了转录抗阻抑剂 AppA 和紫色细菌 Rb 的蓝光受体 B (BlrB) 中存在的 BLUF 结构域的七种不同 X 射线和 NMR 结构的黄素光谱。球状体以及蓝藻集胞藻的趋光性光感受器 Slr1694 中。通过考虑相关全原子模拟模型的动态稳定性,并将计算结果与观测到的振动光谱进行比较,我们发现所考虑的两个结构(均为 AppA)显然是错误的,并且另外两个晶体结构(BlrB 和 Slr1694)的具体特征无法代表溶液中各自 BLUF 域的状态。由此,鉴定了由溶剂化引起的构象转变。在这种情况下,我们演示了不同强度的氢键如何在 BLUF 域中调节黄素发色团的 CO 伸缩频率。此外,我们还表明,如果(i)通过迭代 DFT/MM 程序计算的偏振 MM 力场用于黄素结合口袋,并且(ii)计算出的频率,则针对两种不同的 AppA BLUF 构象(称为 Trpinand Metin)计算的黄素的 DFT/MM 光谱分别非常适合暗状态和亮状态下观察到的光谱数据。 已正确缩放。尽管相关分析表明Trpin构象属于暗态,但Metin构象没有出现明显的明暗区别。在这方面,对与此类复杂计算相关的许多方法论问题进行了彻底的讨论,特别说明了为什么我们当前的描述无法决定 Metin 的光明与黑暗问题。
A class of photoreceptors occurring in various organisms consists of domains that are blue light sensing using flavin (BLUF). The vibrational spectra of the flavin chromophore are spectroscopically well characterized for the dark-adapted resting states and for the light-adapted signaling states of BLUF domains in solution. Here we present a theoretical analysis of such spectra by applying density functional theory (DFT) to the flavin embedded in molecular mechanics (MM) models of its protein and solvent environment. By DFT/MM we calculate flavin spectra for seven different X-ray and NMR structures of BLUF domains occurring in the transcriptional antirepressor AppA and in the blue light receptor B (BlrB) of the purple bacteriumRb. Sphaeroidesas well as in the phototaxis photoreceptor Slr1694 of the cyanobacteriumSynechocystis. By considering the dynamical stabilities of associated all-atom simulation models and by comparing calculated with observed vibrational spectra, we show that two of the considered structures (both AppA) are obviously erroneous and that specific features of two further crystal structures (BlrB and Slr1694) cannot represent the states of the respective BLUF domains in solution. Thereby, the conformational transitions elicited by solvation are identified. In this context we demonstrate how hydrogen bonds of varying strengths can tune in BLUF domains the CO stretching frequencies of the flavin chromophore. Furthermore we show that the DFT/MM spectra of the flavin calculated for two different AppA BLUF conformations, which are called Trpinand Metin, fit very well to the spectroscopic data observed for the dark and light states, respectively, if (i) polarized MM force fields, which are calculated by an iterative DFT/MM procedure, are employed for the flavin binding pockets and (ii) the calculated frequencies are properly scaled. Although the associated analysis indicates that the Trpinconformation belongs to the dark state, no clear light vs dark distinction emerges for the Metinconformation. In this connection, a number of methodological issues relevant for such complex computations are thoroughly discussed showing, in particular, why our current descriptions could not decide the light vs dark question for Metin.
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