Vascular Dementia and Underlying Sex Differences.
Vascular Dementia and Underlying Sex Differences.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fnagi.2021.720715
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Zhu D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Akhter F;Persaud A;Zaokari Y;Zhao Z;Zhu D
血管性痴呆(VaD)是仅次于阿尔茨海默病(AD)的第二种最常见的痴呆形式；阿尔茨海默病占痴呆病例的60%-70%，VAD占所有痴呆病例的20%。VAD的定义是流向大脑的血液减少或缺乏，导致痴呆。VAD有时也被称为认知损害和痴呆(VCID)或多梗死性痴呆(MID)的血管贡献。VCID是由中风和其他导致记忆、思维和行为显著改变的血管脑损伤引起的疾病，VAD是最严重的阶段，而MID是由大脑中多个微小中风引起的协同作用产生的，而不考虑具体的位置或体积。男性和女性在VaD的表现上也有细微的差异，但它们经常被忽视。自从1672年第一例vaD病例被报道到现在，性别和性别差异在一般的痴呆症总称上几乎没有做过研究。这篇综述总结了VaD的基本原理，然后重点讨论了当个人被诊断时性别和性别之间的差异。此外，我们提供了有关性别和性别差异的关键证据，以及一些VAD的主要危险因素，包括既往的健康状况和家族史、基因变异、年龄、激素波动和环境风险因素。此外，还对药物治疗和可能缓解危险因素进行了探讨。
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common form of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease (AD); where Alzheimer’s accounts for 60–70% of cases of dementia and VaD accounts for 20% of all dementia cases. VaD is defined as a reduced or lack of blood flow to the brain that causes dementia. VaD is also known occasionally as vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) or multi-infarct dementia (MID). VCID is the condition arising from stroke and other vascular brain injuries that cause significant changes to memory, thinking, and behavior, and VaD is the most severe stage while MID is produced by the synergistic effects caused by multiple mini strokes in the brain irrespective of specific location or volume. There are also subtle differences in the presentation of VaD in males and females, but they are often overlooked. Since 1672 when the first case of VaD was reported until now, sex and gender differences have had little to no research done when it comes to the umbrella term of dementia in general. This review summarizes the fundamentals of VaD followed by a focus on the differences between sex and gender when an individual is diagnosed. In addition, we provide critical evidence concerning sex and gender differences with a few of the main risk factors of VaD including pre-existing health conditions and family history, gene variants, aging, hormone fluctuations, and environmental risk factors. Additionally, the pharmaceutical treatments and possible mitigation of risk factors is explored.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Al-Qazzaz NK;Ali SH;Ahmad SA;Islam S;Mohamad K
通讯作者：
Mohamad K
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Barker, J. M.;Galea, L. A. M.
通讯作者：
Galea, L. A. M.
DOI：
10.1093/jnci/djq527
发表时间：
2011-02-16
期刊：
Journal of the National Cancer Institute
影响因子：
--
作者：
Beral V;Reeves G;Bull D;Green J;Million Women Study Collaborators
通讯作者：
Million Women Study Collaborators
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph15091918
发表时间：
2018-09-03
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cai J;Yu S;Pei Y;Peng C;Liao Y;Liu N;Ji J;Cheng J
通讯作者：
Cheng J
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Choi HI;Ryu CW;Kim S;Rhee HY;Jahng GH
通讯作者：
Jahng GH