Grand challenges in entomology: Priorities for action in the coming decades
Grand challenges in entomology: Priorities for action in the coming decades
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昆虫学的巨大挑战：未来几十年的行动重点
DOI：
10.1111/icad.12637
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Luke S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luke S
昆虫学是在人类活动造成前所未有的环境变化的时代理解陆地和淡水生态系统的关键，并提供了大量尚未开发的潜力，以各种方式造福人类，从改善农业实践到管理病媒传播疾病和激励技术进步。我们使用包容，开放和民主的四阶段优先方法确定了昆虫学的高优先级挑战，这项活动在英国皇家昆虫学会（RES）的会员和附属机构（以下简称“会员”）中进行。从189名RES会员那里收集了710项挑战。利用专题分析对建议进行分组，然后进行网上投票，以确定初步优先事项，随后在有37名参与者参加的网上讲习班上对这些优先事项进行排序，结果是在四组相关专题下的61项优先挑战：（主题：分类学、“蓝天”[定义为没有立即实际应用的研究想法]、方法和技术）; ㈡“人为影响和保护”（主题：人为影响、养护办法）; ㈢“用途、生态系统服务和损害”（主题：生态系统惠益、技术和资源[利用昆虫作为资源或灵感]、害虫）; ㈣“合作、参与和培训”（主题：知识获取、培训与协作、社会参与）优先挑战包括研究问题、供资目标、新技术以及外联和参与的优先事项。例如，培训分类学家，建立全球昆虫监测点网络，了解昆虫减少的程度，探索栽培昆虫在食品供应链中的作用，以及将专业昆虫学家与业余昆虫学家联系起来。业余和专业昆虫学家可以在职业生涯的各个阶段领导对不同挑战的应对。总体而言，这些挑战提供了多种选择，以激发和发起昆虫学活动，并揭示昆虫学的潜力，为解决与人类健康和福祉以及环境变化相关的全球挑战做出贡献。
Entomology is key to understanding terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems at a time of unprecedented anthropogenic environmental change and offers substantial untapped potential to benefit humanity in a variety of ways, from improving agricultural practices to managing vector‐borne diseases and inspiring technological advances.We identified high priority challenges for entomology using an inclusive, open, and democratic four‐stage prioritisation approach, conducted among the membership and affiliates (hereafter ‘members’) of the UK‐based Royal Entomological Society (RES).A list of 710 challenges was gathered from 189 RES members. Thematic analysis was used to group suggestions, followed by an online vote to determine initial priorities, which were subsequently ranked during an online workshop involving 37 participants.The outcome was a set of 61 priority challenges within four groupings of related themes: (i) ‘Fundamental Research’ (themes: Taxonomy, ‘Blue Skies’ [defined as research ideas without immediate practical application], Methods and Techniques); (ii) ‘Anthropogenic Impacts and Conservation’ (themes: Anthropogenic Impacts, Conservation Options); (iii) ‘Uses, Ecosystem Services and Disservices’ (themes: Ecosystem Benefits, Technology and Resources [use of insects as a resource, or as inspiration], Pests); (iv) ‘Collaboration, Engagement and Training’ (themes: Knowledge Access, Training and Collaboration, Societal Engagement).Priority challenges encompass research questions, funding objectives, new technologies, and priorities for outreach and engagement. Examples include training taxonomists, establishing a global network of insect monitoring sites, understanding the extent of insect declines, exploring roles of cultivated insects in food supply chains, and connecting professional with amateur entomologists. Responses to different challenges could be led by amateur and professional entomologists, at all career stages.Overall, the challenges provide a diverse array of options to inspire and initiate entomological activities and reveal the potential of entomology to contribute to addressing global challenges related to human health and well‐being, and environmental change.
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