Nicotinic modulation of intrinsic brain networks in schizophrenia.

Nicotinic modulation of intrinsic brain networks in schizophrenia.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bcp.2013.06.011
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发表时间:
2013-10-15
影响因子:
5.8
通讯作者:
Tregellas, Jason
Tregellas, Jason
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Smucny, Jason;Tregellas, Jason

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烟碱受体是一个很有前途的药物靶点,目前正在研究用于治疗精神分裂症的认知症状。这个过程中的一个关键步骤是开发非侵入性功能性神经影像学生物标志物,这些生物标志物可用于确定尼古丁药物是否引发其靶向生物效应,理想情况下是通过调节神经元功能的基本方面。为此,神经影像学研究人员开始了解尼古丁调节如何影响“内在”大脑网络,以产生潜在的治疗效果。内在网络是一个功能上和(通常)结构上连接的大脑区域网络,其活动反映了大脑的基本神经生物学组织原则。这篇综述总结了烟碱类药物对与内在脑网络活动相关的三个主题的影响:(1)默认模式网络,一组大脑区域,其活动在休息时最大,在认知任务期间减少,(2)显著性网络,其将传入的感觉数据与先前的内部表征整合,以指导未来的行动并改变预测值,(3)多尺度复杂网络动力学,它描述了这些大脑在保持局部功能专业化的同时有效整合信息的能力。这些早期发现可用于为未来的神经影像学研究提供信息,以检查尼古丁药物的网络效应。
The nicotinic receptor is a promising drug target currently being investigated for the treatment of cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia. A key step in this process is the development of noninvasive functional neuroimaging biomarkers that can be used to determine if nicotinic agents are eliciting their targeted biological effect, ideally through modulation of a fundamental aspect of neuronal function. To that end, neuroimaging researchers are beginning to understand how nicotinic modulation affects “intrinsic” brain networks to elicit potentially therapeutic effects. An intrinsic network is a functionally and (often) structurally connected network of brain areas whose activity reflects a fundamental neurobiological organizational principle of the brain. This review summarizes findings of the effects of nicotinic drugs on three topics related to intrinsic brain network activity: (1) the default mode network, a group of brain areas for which activity is maximal at rest and reduced during cognitive tasks, (2) the salience network, which integrates incoming sensory data with prior internal representations to guide future actions and change predictive values, and (3) multi-scale complex network dynamics, which describe these brain’s ability to efficiency integrate information while preserving local functional specialization. These early findings can be used to inform future neuroimaging studies that examine the network effects of nicotinic agents.
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