Factors influencing the cognitive and neural effects of hormone treatment during aging in a rodent model.
Factors influencing the cognitive and neural effects of hormone treatment during aging in a rodent model.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brainres.2013.02.020
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发表时间：
2013-06-13
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Juraska JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chisholm NC;Juraska JM
激素治疗是否会改变大脑结构或对衰老过程中的认知有有益影响，最近成为一个争论的话题。虽然先前的研究表明激素治疗对更年期妇女的记忆力有好处，但一些较新的研究表明没有效果或有害。这些不一致强调了在动物模型中评估激素在防止与年龄相关的认知衰退中的作用的必要性。重要的是，许多调查雌激素和孕激素对认知和相关大脑区域影响的研究都使用了年轻的成年动物，它们的反应与老年动物不同。然而，当只回顾了在衰老模型中检查激素治疗效果的研究时，仍然存在不同的行为和神经结果。本文综述了影响激素治疗行为和神经预后的一些重要因素，包括雌激素的使用类型，雌激素是否与黄体酮联合使用，如果联合使用，使用的黄体酮的类型，以及治疗的途径、模式和时间。这些因素如何影响认知结果突出了研究设计的重要性，并避免从少量研究中归纳。
Whether hormone treatment alters brain structure or has beneficial effects on cognition during aging has recently become a topic of debate. Although previous research has indicated that hormone treatment benefits memory in menopausal women, several newer studies have shown no effect or detrimental effects. These inconsistencies emphasize the need to evaluate the role of hormones in protecting against age-related cognitive decline in an animal model. Importantly, many studies investigating the effects of estrogen and progesterone on cognition and related brain regions have used young adult animals, which respond differently than aged animals. However, when only the studies that have examined the effects of hormone treatment in an aging model are reviewed, there are still varied behavioral and neural outcomes. This article reviews some of the important factors that can influence the behavioral and neural outcomes of hormone treatment including the type of estrogen administered, whether or not estrogen is combined with progesterone and if so, the type of progesterone used, as well as the route, mode, and length of treatment. How these factors influence cognitive outcomes highlights the importance of study design and avoiding generalizations from a small number of studies.
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