A dynamic separable network model with actor heterogeneity: An application to global weapons transfers *

A dynamic separable network model with actor heterogeneity: An application to global weapons transfers *
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具有参与者异质性的动态可分离网络模型:在全球武器转让中的应用*

DOI:
10.1111/rssa.12620
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kauermann
Kauermann
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lebacher;Thurner;Kauermann

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本文基于斯德哥尔摩国际和平研究所(SIPRI)的数据,分析了1950年至2016年国际主要常规武器(MCW)转让网络。该数据集包括两国之间每年的双边武器转让,这使我们能够将个别关系视为整体贸易网络的一部分。为了进行分析,我们扩展了可分离时间指数随机图模型(STERGM),以考虑网络层面(贸易网络)和行动者层面(国家效应)的时变效应。我们的调查能够识别影响新贸易关系形成与现有贸易关系持续存在的潜在不同驱动力。根据政治经济学模型,我们预计与安全和网络相关的协变量对转移的形成最为重要,而重复转移通常应由进口商的市场规模和军费开支决定。我们提出的建模方法证实了这一假设,并量化了相应的影响。此外,我们对时变异质性效应进行了功能主成分分析。这一分析是一种探索性工具,使我们能够确定那些武器进出口倾向异常增加或减少的国家。
In this paper, we analyse the network of international major conventional weapons (MCW) transfers from 1950 to 2016, based on data from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI). The dataset consists of yearly bilateral arms transfers between pairs of countries, which allows us to conceive of the individual relationships as part of an overall trade network. For the analysis, we extend the separable temporal exponential random graph model (STERGM) to account for time-varying effects on both the network level (trade network) and the actor level (country effects). Our investigation enables the identification of potentially differing driving forces that influence the formation of new trade relationships versus the persistence of existing ones. In accordance with political economy models, we expect security- and network-related covariates to be most important for the formation of transfers, whereas repeated transfers should prevalently be determined by the importers’ market size and military spending. Our proposed modelling approach corroborates the hypothesis and quantifies the corresponding effects. Additionally, we subject the time-varying heterogeneity effects to a functional principal component analysis. This analysis serves as an exploratory tool and allows us to identify countries with exceptional increases or decreases in their tendency to import and export weapons.
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