Gene Therapy to the Retina and the Cochlea.

Gene Therapy to the Retina and the Cochlea.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnins.2021.652215
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Naash MI
Naash MI
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Crane R;Conley SM;Al-Ubaidi MR;Naash MI

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视觉和听力障碍是人类最常见的感觉障碍。许多形式的视力和听力损失都是遗传性的,目前的治疗方法只能为患者提供暂时或部分缓解。因此,为遗传性视网膜和耳蜗病潜在的数百个已知致病基因中的任何一个开发基因疗法一直是人们非常感兴趣的。最近在基因治疗方面的令人振奋的进展显示了遗传性视网膜疾病的临床治疗的前景,尽管目前还没有针对耳蜗病的临床基因疗法,但最近几年的研究已经导致将基因输送到耳蜗处的临床前开发方面取得了重大进展。此外,使用CRISPR/CAS9的体细胞靶向基因组编辑的发展为显性或功能获得性疾病的治疗带来了新的可能性。在这里,我们讨论遗传性视网膜和耳蜗病的基因治疗的现状,并着眼于仍然需要进一步开发的领域。
Vision and hearing disorders comprise the most common sensory disorders found in people. Many forms of vision and hearing loss are inherited and current treatments only provide patients with temporary or partial relief. As a result, developing genetic therapies for any of the several hundred known causative genes underlying inherited retinal and cochlear disorders has been of great interest. Recent exciting advances in gene therapy have shown promise for the clinical treatment of inherited retinal diseases, and while clinical gene therapies for cochlear disease are not yet available, research in the last several years has resulted in significant advancement in preclinical development for gene delivery to the cochlea. Furthermore, the development of somatic targeted genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 has brought new possibilities for the treatment of dominant or gain-of-function disease. Here we discuss the current state of gene therapy for inherited diseases of the retina and cochlea with an eye toward areas that still need additional development.
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