Recurrent excitation between motoneurones propagates across segments and is purely glutamatergic.
Recurrent excitation between motoneurones propagates across segments and is purely glutamatergic.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.2003586
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发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Beato M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhumbra GS;Beato M
脊髓运动神经元（Mns）构成执行运动任务的最终输出。除了支配肌肉外，Mns还向Renshaw细胞（RC）和其他Mns投射兴奋性侧支连接，但后者很少受到关注。我们发现，锰收到强大的突触输入从其他锰在整个发展和成熟，快速型锰系统接收更大的经常性兴奋比慢型锰。光学记录表明，激活的Mns在一个脊髓节段可以传播到相邻的节段，即使在存在完整的复发性抑制。虽然它是已知的，在神经肌肉接头处的传输是纯粹的胆碱能和RC兴奋通过乙酰胆碱和谷氨酸受体，在这里，我们表明，Mns之间的神经传递是纯粹的神经递质，表明突触传递系统的分化在不同的突触后目标的Mns。运动神经元（Mns）是指挥，协调和驱动最基本行为的网络的最后一个元素：运动。它们的激活触发肌肉收缩，许多影响MN的疾病导致进行性和致命的瘫痪。我们在这里表明，Mns本身形成一个相互连接的网络，在脊髓的一个部分的活动可以传播到相邻的部分，从而构成一个正反馈回路，可以放大运动输出的强度。值得注意的是，虽然锰兴奋肌肉通过释放的神经递质乙酰胆碱，我们的数据表明，锰之间的突触通过谷氨酸盐，提供了一个罕见的例子，根据突触后目标的递质系统的分化。
Spinal motoneurones (Mns) constitute the final output for the execution of motor tasks. In addition to innervating muscles, Mns project excitatory collateral connections to Renshaw cells (RCs) and other Mns, but the latter have received little attention. We show that Mns receive strong synaptic input from other Mns throughout development and into maturity, with fast-type Mns systematically receiving greater recurrent excitation than slow-type Mns. Optical recordings show that activation of Mns in one spinal segment can propagate to adjacent segments even in the presence of intact recurrent inhibition. While it is known that transmission at the neuromuscular junction is purely cholinergic and RCs are excited through both acetylcholine and glutamate receptors, here we show that neurotransmission between Mns is purely glutamatergic, indicating that synaptic transmission systems are differentiated at different postsynaptic targets of Mns. Motoneurones (Mns) are the last elements of the networks that command, coordinate, and actuate the most essential of behaviours: movement. Their activation triggers muscle contractions, and the many diseases affecting Mns cause progressive and fatal paralysis. We show here that Mns themselves form an interconnected network and that activity in one segment of the spinal cord can propagate reciprocally to neighbouring segments, thus constituting a positive feedback loop that can amplify the strength of motor output. Remarkably, while Mns excite muscles through release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, our data show that the synapses between Mns operate through glutamate, providing a rare example of differentiation of transmitter systems according to the postsynaptic targets.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Lamotte d'Incamps B;Bhumbra GS;Foster JD;Beato M;Ascher P
通讯作者：
Ascher P
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Alvarez, FJ;Villalba, RM;Schneider, SP
通讯作者：
Schneider, SP
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Leroy, Felix;d'Incamps, Boris Lamotte;Zytnicki, Daniel
通讯作者：
Zytnicki, Daniel
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
CULLHEIM, S;KELLERTH, JO;CONRADI, S
通讯作者：
CONRADI, S
DOI：
10.1038/nrn.2016.9
发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
Nature reviews. Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kiehn O
通讯作者：
Kiehn O