Rise of the sensors: nociception and pruritus.

Rise of the sensors: nociception and pruritus.
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DOI:
10.1007/s11882-012-0245-8
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发表时间:
2012-04
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Baraniuk, James N.
Baraniuk, James N.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Baraniuk, James N.

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曾经有一天,所有C型无髓鞘神经元都无法区分。组织学分析的时代已经过去,我们已经进入了一个对疼痛和瘙痒机制有着无与伦比的技术洞察力的时代。自从1997年描述了辣椒素受体,瞬时受体蛋白香草素1(TRPV1)以来,我们已经看到相关传感器离子通道,G蛋白偶联受体和信号蛋白的数量激增。特定的伤害性通路已经根据它们对机械、热、化学和冷刺激的敏感性而被确定。瘙痒现在被认为具有组胺敏感性和组胺非依赖性传入弧。C纤维系统和有髓鞘神经通路之间的串扰变得更加复杂,但通过复杂性,感觉编码的新现实正在出现。许多新的治疗方法已经并正在规划和生产阶段。到本世纪末,这些几乎肯定会彻底改变我们对疼痛和瘙痒的理解和治疗。
Once there was a day when all type C nonmyelinated neurons were indistinguishable. That time of histologic analysis has passed, and we have entered an era of unparalleled technological insight into the mechanisms of pain and pruritus. Since the description of the capsaicin receptor, transient receptor protein vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), in 1997, we have seen the number of related sensor ion channels, G protein–coupled receptors, and signaling proteins explode. Specific nociceptive pathways have been identified based on their sensitivity to mechanical, heat, chemical, and cold stimuli. Pruritus is now recognized to have both histamine-sensitive and histamine-independent afferent arcs. Cross-talk between C-fibre systems and myelinated neural pathways has become more complex, but through complexity, a new reality of sensory coding is emerging. A multitude of novel therapeutics have been and are in planning and production stages. These will almost certainly revolutionize our understanding and treatment of pain and itch by the end of this decade.
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