Leaching of copper and nickel in soil-water systems contaminated by bauxite residue (red mud) from Ajka, Hungary: the importance of soil organic matter.
Leaching of copper and nickel in soil-water systems contaminated by bauxite residue (red mud) from Ajka, Hungary: the importance of soil organic matter.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11356-015-4282-4
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发表时间：
2015-07
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--
通讯作者：
Burke IT
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文献类型：
--
作者：
Lockwood CL;Stewart DI;Mortimer RJ;Mayes WM;Jarvis AP;Gruiz K;Burke IT
红泥是铝土矿加工过程中产生的高碱性（pH >12）废物。2010年，匈牙利阿伊卡发生的红泥泄漏事件向周边地区释放了100万立方米的腐蚀性红泥，造成了毁灭性的后果。采用好氧和厌氧批次实验和固相萃取技术评估了添加赤泥对阿伊卡泄漏现场附近土壤中Cu和Ni迁移性的影响。由于土壤碱化，赤泥的加入增加了水溶性有机碳（DOC）的浓度，这导致了有机质络合的Cu和Ni的流动性增加。与阿伊卡土壤，更多的铜被动员通过接触与赤泥比镍，尽管较高的整体镍浓度在固相中。这很可能是因为铜与有机物形成复合物的亲和力比镍更高。在有氧实验中，与大气接触通过碳酸化反应降低了土壤pH值，这减少了有机物的溶解，从而降低了Cu/Ni的流动性。这些数据表明，红泥混合到有机丰富的土壤是一个令人关注的领域，因为有可能通过土壤碱化将铜和镍作为有机结合的络合物。在厌氧条件普遍存在的地方，如被泄漏污染的湿地地区，这可能特别成问题。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s11356-015-4282-4）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Red mud is a highly alkaline (pH >12) waste product from bauxite ore processing. The red mud spill at Ajka, Hungary, in 2010 released 1 million m3 of caustic red mud into the surrounding area with devastating results. Aerobic and anaerobic batch experiments and solid phase extraction techniques were used to assess the impact of red mud addition on the mobility of Cu and Ni in soils from near the Ajka spill site. Red mud addition increases aqueous dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations due to soil alkalisation, and this led to increased mobility of Cu and Ni complexed to organic matter. With Ajka soils, more Cu was mobilised by contact with red mud than Ni, despite a higher overall Ni concentration in the solid phase. This is most probably because Cu has a higher affinity to form complexes with organic matter than Ni. In aerobic experiments, contact with the atmosphere reduced soil pH via carbonation reactions, and this reduced organic matter dissolution and thereby lowered Cu/Ni mobility. These data show that the mixing of red mud into organic rich soils is an area of concern, as there is a potential to mobilise Cu and Ni as organically bound complexes, via soil alkalisation. This could be especially problematic in locations where anaerobic conditions can prevail, such as wetland areas contaminated by the spill. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11356-015-4282-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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