Genome-scale in vivo CRISPR screen identifies RNLS as a target for beta cell protection in type 1 diabetes.

Genome-scale in vivo CRISPR screen identifies RNLS as a target for beta cell protection in type 1 diabetes.
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DOI:
10.1038/s42255-020-0254-1
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发表时间:
2020-09
期刊:
影响因子:
20.8
通讯作者:
Yi P
Yi P
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cai EP;Ishikawa Y;Zhang W;Leite NC;Li J;Hou S;Kiaf B;Hollister-Lock J;Yilmaz NK;Schiffer CA;Melton DA;Kissler S;Yi P

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1型糖尿病(T1D)是由胰腺β细胞的自身免疫性破坏引起的。多能干细胞现在可以分化为β细胞,提高了T1D细胞替代疗法的前景。然而,自身免疫会迅速破坏新移植的β细胞。在T1D的小鼠模型中使用基因组规模的CRISPR筛选,在这里,我们表明删除RNLS(T1D的GWAS候选基因)使β细胞对自身免疫性杀伤具有抗性。基于结构的建模将FDA批准的药物帕吉林确定为潜在的RNLS抑制剂。口服帕吉林治疗保护了糖尿病小鼠中移植的β细胞,导致疾病逆转。此外,帕吉林可以预防或延迟T1D的几种小鼠模型中的糖尿病发作。我们的研究结果确定RNLS作为β细胞脆弱性的修饰剂,并作为潜在的治疗靶点,以避免β细胞损失T1D。
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Pluripotent stem cells can now be differentiated into beta cells, raising the prospect of a cell replacement therapy for T1D. However, autoimmunity would rapidly destroy newly transplanted beta cells. Using a genome-scale CRISPR screen in a mouse model for T1D, here we show that deleting RNLS, a GWAS candidate gene for T1D, made beta cells resistant to autoimmune killing. Structure-based modeling identified the FDA-approved drug pargyline as a potential RNLS inhibitor. Oral pargyline treatment protected transplanted beta cells in diabetic mice, leading to disease reversal. Further, pargyline could prevent or delay diabetes onset in several mouse models for T1D. Our results identify RNLS as a modifier of beta cell vulnerability and as a potential therapeutic target to avert beta cell loss in T1D.
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