The egg cell is preferentially fertilized in Arabidopsis double fertilization.
The egg cell is preferentially fertilized in Arabidopsis double fertilization.
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DOI：
10.1111/jipb.13370
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发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
11.4
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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在开花植物(被子植物)中，卵细胞由一个精子受精产生胚胎，而第二个精子细胞与中央细胞融合产生胚乳。在大多数被子植物中，如拟南芥，一个花粉粒包含两个同构的精子细胞，这是这种双重受精过程所必需的。一个长期悬而未决的问题是，这两个受精事件是否有任何偏好。解决这个问题的一个工具是使用细胞周期蛋白依赖的激酶A1(CDKA；1)突变的花粉，它产生一个单一的精子样细胞(SLC)。在这里，我们首先采用基于互补的荧光标记方法成功地分离和收集了含有单个SLC的CDKA；1突变花粉。单细胞RNA测序分析表明，CDKA；1SLCs的基因表达谱与精子细胞高度相似，而与两个精子细胞的前体生殖细胞不同。利用有限数量的CDKA；1突变花粉进行授粉试验表明，98.2%的胚珠发生了卵细胞的单受精。用过量的CDKA为雌蕊授粉；1突变花粉通过受精恢复传递第二个SLC，使中央细胞受精，导致20.7%的双受精胚珠。这表明CDKA；1SLC能够使卵子和中央细胞受精。综上所述，我们的发现回答了一个长期存在的问题，并支持在拟南芥中明显存在卵细胞的优先受精。
In flowering plants (angiosperms), fertilization of the egg cell by one sperm cell produces an embryo, whereas fusion of a second sperm cell with the central cell generates the endosperm. In most angiosperms like Arabidopsis, a pollen grain contains two isomorphic sperm cells required for this double fertilization process. A long-standing unsolved question is whether the two fertilization events have any preference. A tool to address this question is the usage of the cyclin-dependent kinase a1 (cdka;1) mutant pollen, which produces a single sperm-like cell (SLC). Here, we first adopt a complementation-based fluorescence-labeling method to successfully separate and collect cdka;1 mutant pollen containing a single SLC. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that cdka;1 SLCs show a gene expression profile highly similar to that of sperm cells and not to the generative cell, precursor of the two sperm cells. Pollination assays using a limited number of cdka;1 mutant pollen revealed that in 98.2% of the ovules, single fertilization of the egg cell occurred. Pollination of pistils with excessive cdka;1 mutant pollen allowed the delivery of a second SLC via fertilization recovery, which fertilized the central cell, resulting in 20.7% double-fertilized ovules. This indicates that cdka;1 SLCs are able to fertilize both the egg and the central cell. Taken together, our findings have answered a long-standing question and support that preferential fertilization of the egg cell is evident in Arabidopsis.
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