Mechanistic basis for potent neutralization of Sin Nombre hantavirus by a human monoclonal antibody.

Mechanistic basis for potent neutralization of Sin Nombre hantavirus by a human monoclonal antibody.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41564-023-01413-y
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发表时间:
2023-07
影响因子:
28.3
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
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啮齿动物传播的汉坦病毒在世界范围内流行,一旦蔓延到人类群体,就会导致严重的疾病,而且没有专门的治疗方法。有效的抗体反应是从汉坦病毒感染中恢复的关键。在这里,我们研究了一种高度中和的人类单抗,称为SNV-42,它来自于从一名既往感染过新城疫病毒(SNV)的人身上分离出的记忆B细胞。结晶学分析表明,SNV-42针对与病毒进入相关的四聚体(Gn−GC)4糖蛋白组件的Gn亚组分。我们的1.8SNVä结构与(Gn GC)4超微结构的整合表明,−-42靶向于病毒被膜的远端区域。将SNV-42副表位编码的可变基因与推测的生殖系基因片段进行比较,显示出高度的序列保守性,表明生殖系编码的抗体抑制SNV。此外,机械分析表明,SNV-42在宿主细胞进入过程中干扰受体识别和融合。这项工作为了解人类中和抗体对汉坦病毒感染的反应提供了分子水平的蓝图。结构分析揭示了一种有效的人类单抗是如何通过结合Gn-GC异二聚体晶格来中和Sin Norbre病毒的。
Rodent-borne hantaviruses are prevalent worldwide and upon spillover to human populations, cause severe disease for which no specific treatment is available. A potent antibody response is key for recovery from hantavirus infection. Here we study a highly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody, termed SNV-42, which was derived from a memory B cell isolated from an individual with previous Sin Nombre virus (SNV) infection. Crystallographic analysis demonstrates that SNV-42 targets the Gn subcomponent of the tetrameric (Gn−Gc)4 glycoprotein assembly that is relevant for viral entry. Integration of our 1.8 Å structure with the (Gn−Gc)4 ultrastructure arrangement indicates that SNV-42 targets the membrane-distal region of the virus envelope. Comparison of the SNV-42 paratope encoding variable genes with inferred germline gene segments reveals high sequence conservation, suggesting that germline-encoded antibodies inhibit SNV. Furthermore, mechanistic assays reveal that SNV-42 interferes with both receptor recognition and fusion during host-cell entry. This work provides a molecular-level blueprint for understanding the human neutralizing antibody response to hantavirus infection. Structural analysis reveals how a potent human monoclonal antibody neutralizes Sin Nombre virus by binding the Gn–Gc heterodimer lattice.
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