Trends in Alcohol Use Among Pregnant Women in the U.S., 2011-2018.
Trends in Alcohol Use Among Pregnant Women in the U.S., 2011-2018.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2020.05.017
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Kim SY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Denny CH;Acero CS;Terplan M;Kim SY
数据来自2011 - 2018年行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS），仅限于18 - 44岁的自我报告的孕妇。BRFSS是对来自50个州和哥伦比亚特区的非机构化成年人进行的一项具有代表性的固定电话/蜂窝电话调查。年中位缓解率范围为45.2%至49.9%。妊娠状态是基于对以下问题的回答：据您所知，您现在怀孕了吗？研究人员检查了过去30天内饮酒的4项指标：（1）当前饮酒（至少1杯任何酒精饮料），（2）暴饮（一次4杯或更多），（3）数量（当前饮酒者在饮酒当天的平均饮酒量）和（4）频率（当前饮酒者至少1杯任何酒精饮料的天数）。作者估计了加权年龄（18 - 24岁、25 - 29岁、30 - 34岁和35 - 44岁）、种族/种族（白色，非西班牙裔;黑人，非西班牙裔;西班牙裔;和其他，非西班牙裔）、标准化年患病率和95% CI。标准人群权重基于2011年BRFSS中孕妇的年龄和种族/民族分布。本研究采用logistic回归分析调查了当前和酗酒的年患病率趋势，采用线性回归分析了饮酒量和频率，以饮酒模式为因变量，以年份、年龄和种族/民族为协变量。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学显著性。分析于2019年使用SUDAAN 11.0版进行。1.结果分析了20，736名18 - 44岁的孕妇。加权年龄分布为18 - 24岁29.6%，25 - 29岁27.3%，30 - 34岁27.1%，35 - 44岁16.0%。加权人种/种族分布为51.8%白色，非西班牙裔; 13.2%黑人，非西班牙裔; 25.2%西班牙裔; 9.7%其他，非西班牙裔。目前饮酒的加权患病率从9.2（95% CI = 7.5，11.3）从2011年的12.9（95% CI = 11.0，15.2），2013年显著下降至8.9（95%CI = 7.2，11.0），然后在2018年略微增加至11.3（95%CI = 9.1，13.9）（图1）。酗酒的加权患病率从2.5（95% CI = 1.8，3.6）从2011年的3.9（95% CI = 2.9，5.2），2014年显著下降至2.2（95% CI = 1.5，3.4），然后在2018年略微增加至4.0（95% CI = 2.6，6.2）。从2011年到2018年，当前饮酒（p = 0.0497）和酗酒（p = 0.045）的趋势有所增加，尽管幅度很小。平均数量从2011年的2.1（95%CI = 1.8，2.4）增加到2018年的2.2（95%CI = 1.8，2.6），平均频率从2011年的5.8（95%CI = 4.4，7.2）增加到2018年的7.0（95%CI = 5.9，8.1），均不显著。
METHODSData were from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2011–2018, restricted to self-reported pregnant women aged 18–44 years. BRFSS is a representative, landline/cellular telephone survey of non-institutionalized adults from 50 states and the District of Columbia. The annual median response rate ranged from 45.2% to 49.9%. Pregnancy status was based on responses to: To your knowledge, are you now pregnant? Investigators examined 4 measures of alcohol consumption in the past 30 days:(1) current drinking (at least 1 drink of any alcoholic beverage),(2) binge drinking (4 or more drinks on an occasion),(3) quantity (average number of drinks consumed on the days one drank, among current drinkers), and (4) frequency (number of days having at least 1 drink of any alcoholic beverage, among current drinkers). The authors estimated the weighted age (18–24, 25–29, 30–34, and 35–44 years), ethnicity/ethnicity (White, non-Hispanic; Black, non-Hispanic; Hispanic; and other, non-Hispanic), standardized annual prevalence, and 95% CIs. The standard population weights were based on the age and racial/ethnic distribution of pregnant women in the 2011 BRFSS. This study investigated trends in the annual prevalence of current and binge drinking using logistic regression, and quantity and frequency using linear regression, with drinking pattern as the dependent variable and year, age, and race/ethnicity as the covariates. A p-value< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analyses were conducted in 2019 with SUDAAN, release 11.0. 1.RESULTSThere were 20,736 pregnant women aged 18–44 for analysis. The weighted age distribution was 29.6% aged 18–24 years, 27.3% aged 25–29 years, 27.1% aged 30–34 years, and 16.0% aged 35–44 years. The weighted racial/ethnic distribution was 51.8% White, non-Hispanic; 13.2% Black, non-Hispanic; 25.2% Hispanic; and 9.7% other, non-Hispanic. The weighted prevalence of current drinking increased significantly from 9.2 (95% CI= 7.5, 11.3) in 2011 to 12.9 (95% CI= 11.0, 15.2) in 2013, decreased significantly to 8.9 (95% CI= 7.2, 11.0) in 2014, and then slightly increased to 11.3 (95% CI= 9.1, 13.9) in 2018 (Figure 1). The weighted prevalence of binge drinking increased slightly from 2.5 (95% CI= 1.8, 3.6) in 2011 to 3.9 (95% CI= 2.9, 5.2) in 2013, decreased significantly to 2.2 (95% CI= 1.5, 3.4) in 2014, and then slightly increased to 4.0 (95% CI= 2.6, 6.2) in 2018. From 2011 to 2018, trends increased, albeit narrowly, for current drinking (p= 0.0497) and binge drinking (p= 0.045). The average quantity increased from 2.1 (95% CI= 1.8, 2.4) in 2011 to 2.2 (95% CI= 1.8, 2.6) in 2018, and the average frequency increased from 5.8 (95% CI= 4.4, 7.2) in 2011 to 7.0 (95% CI= 5.9, 8.1) in 2018, neither significantly.
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