Toll-like receptors in angiogenesis.
Toll-like receptors in angiogenesis.
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DOI：
10.1100/tsw.2011.92
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发表时间：
2011-04-19
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schieffer B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grote K;Schütt H;Schieffer B
Toll样受体是与果蝇Toll蛋白相关的模式识别受体。在识别微生物来源的病原体相关分子模式后，TLRs向免疫系统发出警报，并启动先天和获得性免疫反应。然而，TLR系统并不仅限于白细胞介导的针对外部病原体的免疫防御。除了髓系细胞外，TLR还被报道在多种组织和细胞类型中表达，包括上皮细胞和内皮细胞。此外，尽管微生物模式通常被认为是TLR配体，但越来越多的证据表明，TLRs也识别宿主衍生的分子。在这方面，最近的研究表明，TLRs参与了各种慢性炎症性疾病和心血管疾病，包括动脉粥样硬化、类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮，甚至癌症。这些疾病的一个共同特征是增强了所谓的炎症诱导的血管生成。然而，炎症诱导的血管生成不仅是急性感染或慢性炎症性疾病中病原体防御的关键组成部分，而且在伤口愈合和随后的组织再生等修复机制中也发挥着关键作用。有趣的是，最新的研究可以巧合地证明TLR的激活在各种炎症环境中促进血管生成，以响应外源性和内源性配体，尽管TLRs在这一背景下的确切作用模式仍然不明确。这篇综述的目的是为TLRs在生理和病理生理过程中的血管生成中的作用提供证据，以及涉及TLR调节的新治疗方案的潜在临床意义。
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are known as pattern-recognition receptors related to the Toll protein of Drosophila. After recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns of microbial origin, the TLRs alert the immune system, and initiate innate and adaptive immune responses. The TLR system, though, is not confined solely to the leukocyte-mediated immune defense against exogenous pathogens. Besides myeloid cells, TLR expression has been reported in multiple tissues and cell types, including epithelial and endothelial cells. Moreover, despite the microbial patterns that are commonly accepted as TLR ligands, there is increasing evidence that TLRs also recognize host-derived molecules. In this regard, recent studies point to an involvement of TLRs in various chronic inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and even cancer. A common feature of these disorders is an enhanced so-called inflammation-induced angiogenesis. However, inflammation-induced angiogenesis is not solely a key component of pathogen defense during acute infection or chronic inflammatory disorders, but also plays a critical role in repair mechanisms, e.g., wound healing and subsequent tissue regeneration. Interestingly, the latest research could coincidentally demonstrate that TLR activation promotes angiogenesis in various inflammatory settings in response to both exogenous and endogenous ligands, although the precise mode of action of TLRs in this context still remains ambiguous. The objective of this review is to present evidence for the implication of TLRs in angiogenesis during physiological and pathophysiological processes, and the potential clinical relevance for new treatment regimes involving TLR modulation.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Gridley, Thomas
通讯作者：
Gridley, Thomas
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
BUSSOLINO, F;ZICHE, M;MANTOVANI, A
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
37.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1038/nri1957
发表时间：
2006-11
期刊：
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Marshak-Rothstein A
通讯作者：
Marshak-Rothstein A
影响因子：
6
作者：
Macedo, Lisa;Pinhal-Enfield, Grace;Leibovich, Samuel Joseph
通讯作者：
Leibovich, Samuel Joseph