Insulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of FOXO in a nutritional polyphenism.
Insulin signaling as a mechanism underlying developmental plasticity: the role of FOXO in a nutritional polyphenism.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0034857
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Moczek AP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Snell-Rood EC;Moczek AP
我们研究了胰岛素信号，已知介导生理可塑性的营养变化，也促进离散的表型反应，如多表型。我们测试的假设，基因FOXO -营养胁迫下调节生长停滞-介导的营养多态性的角甲虫，Onthophagus nigriventris。Onthophagus属中的雄性甲虫随着身体的大小而改变它们的交配策略：大的雄性表达角并争取接近雌性，而小的雄性则大量投资于生殖器并与雌性偷偷交配。鉴于身体大小和幼虫营养是相关的，我们预测1）FOXO表达将在雄性和雌性之间随身体大小（营养状况）而不同，2）FOXO表达的操纵将影响角和生殖器中的营养多型性。首先，我们发现FOXO表达以组织和性别特异性的方式随身体大小而变化，在大型（有角）雄性的腹部组织中表达更高，特别是在与生殖器发育相关的区域。其次，我们发现，通过RNA干扰敲低FOXO导致相对较大的交配器官的增长相比，控制注射的个人和显着的，虽然温和，增加相对角长度。我们的研究结果支持这一假设，即FOXO在腹部组织中的表达限制生殖器的增长，并提供有限的支持的假设，即FOXO通过直接抑制角的生长调节相对角的长度。这两个结果支持的想法，组织特异性的FOXO表达可能发挥一般的作用，调节缩放关系的营养多表型的信号特征相对较小。
We investigated whether insulin signaling, known to mediate physiological plasticity in response to changes in nutrition, also facilitates discrete phenotypic responses such as polyphenisms. We test the hypothesis that the gene FOXO – which regulates growth arrest under nutrient stress – mediates a nutritional polyphenism in the horned beetle, Onthophagus nigriventris. Male beetles in the genus Onthophagus vary their mating strategy with body size: large males express horns and fight for access to females while small males invest heavily in genitalia and sneak copulations with females. Given that body size and larval nutrition are linked, we predicted that 1) FOXO expression would differentially scale with body size (nutritional status) between males and females, and 2) manipulation of FOXO expression would affect the nutritional polyphenism in horns and genitalia. First, we found that FOXO expression varied with body size in a tissue- and sex-specific manner, being more highly expressed in the abdominal tissue of large (horned) males, in particular in regions associated with genitalia development. Second, we found that knockdown of FOXO through RNA-interference resulted in the growth of relatively larger copulatory organs compared to control-injected individuals and significant, albeit modest, increases in relative horn length. Our results support the hypothesis that FOXO expression in the abdominal tissue limits genitalia growth, and provides limited support for the hypothesis that FOXO regulates relative horn length through direct suppression of horn growth. Both results support the idea that tissue-specific FOXO expression may play a general role in regulating scaling relationships in nutritional polyphenisms by signaling traits to be relatively smaller.
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