Imaging pH and metastasis.
Imaging pH and metastasis.
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DOI：
10.1002/nbm.1644
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发表时间：
2011-07
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Gillies, Robert J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hashim, Arig Ibrahim;Zhang, Xiaomeng;Wojtkowiak, Jonathan W.;Martinez, Gary V.;Gillies, Robert J.
转移是一个多步骤的过程，最终导致细胞从原发肿瘤扩散到远处部位或器官。对于能够转移的肿瘤细胞，它们必须通过基底膜局部侵入淋巴管和血管。最终，它们从血液中渗出并在次级器官中定植。这个过程涉及肿瘤细胞与其微环境之间的多种相互作用。肿瘤周围的微环境对肿瘤的发生和发展有重要影响。微环境中的一个关键因素是酸性pH值。由于高糖酵解和灌注不良，实体瘤的细胞外pH值与正常组织相比更酸性。它在几乎所有转移步骤中起重要作用。在过去的几十年中，已经看到了技术的发展，以非侵入性测量内和/或细胞外的pH值。最成功的测量是基于MR的，灵敏度和准确性已显着提高。对酸度分布进行定量成像有助于我们了解肿瘤微环境在癌症进展中的作用。本文综述了沿着不同的MR测量肿瘤pH值的方法，强调了细胞外肿瘤低pH值对转移不同阶段的重要性;更具体地，重点关注上皮间质转化（EMT）和抗癌免疫。
Metastasis is a multistep process that culminates in the spread of cells from a primary tumor to a distant site or organs. For tumor cells to be able to metastasize, they have to locally invade through basement membrane into the lymphatic and the blood vasculatures. Eventually they extravasate from the blood and colonize in the secondary organ. This process involves multiple interactions between the tumor cells and their microenvironments. The microenvironment surrounding tumors has a significant impact on tumor development and progression. A key factor in the microenvironment is an acidic pH. The extracellular pH of solid tumors is more acidic in comparison to normal tissue as a consequence of high glycolysis and poor perfusion. It plays an important role in almost all steps of metastasis. The past decades have seen development of technologies to non-invasively measure intra- and/or extracellular pH. Most successful measurements are MR-based, and sensitivity and accuracy have dramatically improved. Quantitatively imaging the distribution of acidity helps us understand the role of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression. This review discusses different MR methods in measuring tumor pH along with emphasizing the importance of extracelluar tumor low pH on different steps of metastasis; more specifically focusing on Epithelial to Mesenchymal transition (EMT), and anti cancer immunity.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Bhujwalla ZM;McCoy CL;Glickson JD;Gillies RJ;Stubbs M
通讯作者：
Stubbs M
影响因子：
--
作者：
GILLIES, RJ;LIU, Z;BHUJWALLA, Z
通讯作者：
BHUJWALLA, Z
影响因子：
14.8
作者：
Blum, Galia;von Degenfeld, Georges;Bogyo, Matthew
通讯作者：
Bogyo, Matthew
DOI：
10.1016/0006-291x(87)90630-9
发表时间：
1987-02-27
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
HOFFMAN, DW;HENKENS, RW
通讯作者：
HENKENS, RW
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Chen JL;Lucas JE;Schroeder T;Mori S;Wu J;Nevins J;Dewhirst M;West M;Chi JT
通讯作者：
Chi JT