Removing leakage-induced correlated errors in superconducting quantum error correction.
Removing leakage-induced correlated errors in superconducting quantum error correction.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-021-21982-y
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发表时间：
2021-03-19
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Barends R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McEwen M;Kafri D;Chen Z;Atalaya J;Satzinger KJ;Quintana C;Klimov PV;Sank D;Gidney C;Fowler AG;Arute F;Arya K;Buckley B;Burkett B;Bushnell N;Chiaro B;Collins R;Demura S;Dunsworth A;Erickson C;Foxen B;Giustina M;Huang T;Hong S;Jeffrey E;Kim S;Kechedzhi K;Kostritsa F;Laptev P;Megrant A;Mi X;Mutus J;Naaman O;Neeley M;Neill C;Niu M;Paler A;Redd N;Roushan P;White TC;Yao J;Yeh P;Zalcman A;Chen Y;Smelyanskiy VN;Martinis JM;Neven H;Kelly J;Korotkov AN;Petukhov AG;Barends R
量子计算可以通过误差校正来扩展，但是当物理错误足够不相关时，逻辑错误率只会随系统大小而降低。在计算过程中，未使用的高能量水平会变得兴奋，从而产生长寿和移动的泄漏状态。尤其是对于超导transmon Qubits，这种泄漏为空间和时间相关的错误打开了一条途径。在这里，我们报告了一个重置协议，该协议将量子返回到所有相关高级状态的基态。我们使用Bit-Flip稳定器代码测试其性能，这是量子误差校正的表面代码的简化版本。我们研究了误差校正期间泄漏的积累和动力学。使用此协议，我们发现逻辑误差的速率较低，并且随着量子数的增加而提高了误差抑制的缩放率和稳定性。该演示为迈出可伸缩量子计算的路径提供了关键步骤。
从计算子空间中泄漏出来的相关错误是容易耐故障超导电路的障碍。在这里，作者使用多级重置协议来通过减少相关性的幅度来改善纠正位误差的性能。
Quantum computing can become scalable through error correction, but logical error rates only decrease with system size when physical errors are sufficiently uncorrelated. During computation, unused high energy levels of the qubits can become excited, creating leakage states that are long-lived and mobile. Particularly for superconducting transmon qubits, this leakage opens a path to errors that are correlated in space and time. Here, we report a reset protocol that returns a qubit to the ground state from all relevant higher level states. We test its performance with the bit-flip stabilizer code, a simplified version of the surface code for quantum error correction. We investigate the accumulation and dynamics of leakage during error correction. Using this protocol, we find lower rates of logical errors and an improved scaling and stability of error suppression with increasing qubit number. This demonstration provides a key step on the path towards scalable quantum computing. Correlated errors coming from leakage out of the computational subspace are an obstacle to fault-tolerant superconducting circuits. Here, the authors use a multi-level reset protocol to improve the performances of a bit-flip error correcting code by reducing the magnitude of correlations.
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