Glacial kettles as archives of early human settlement along the Northern Rocky Mountain Front

Glacial kettles as archives of early human settlement along the Northern Rocky Mountain Front
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冰川壶作为北落基山前线早期人类定居的档案

DOI:
10.1017/qua.2021.40
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2.3
通讯作者:
Reuther, Joshua D.
Reuther, Joshua D.
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lanoë, François B.;Zedeño, M. Nieves;Jansson, Anna M.;Holliday, Vance T.;Reuther, Joshua D.

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北方落基山前缘(以下简称北方前缘)是北美晚更新世和早全新世人类迁徙考古模型中的一个重要地理特征。测试这些模型一直很困难,因为当地的地貌因素往往会抹去或以其他方式限制获得相关年龄的考古发现。在本文中,我们提出了分层考古和环境记录追溯到14000 - 13000卡年BP从网站的比利大泉(黑脚印第安人保留地,蒙大拿州),位于一个冰川水壶,一种地貌,在很大程度上被忽视的区域考古研究至今。比利大泉的发现表明,在全新世早期的主要气候和环境干扰中,北方前山麓一直在使用,可能也包括更新世末期。因此,比利大泉有助于完善北方前线早期定居的几个考古模型,特别是那些在全新世最高气温期间对山麓丘陵与平原设置的差异使用。比利大泉的记录还表明,水壶,无论地文背景,提供了一个尚未怀疑和采样的潜力,以保存高质量和容易获得的早期考古和古环境记录。
The Northern Rocky Mountain Front (hereafter Northern Front) is a prominent geographic feature in archaeological models of human dispersal in the terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene of North America. Testing those models has been arduous because of local geomorphological factors that tend to obliterate or otherwise limit access to archaeological finds of relevant age. In this paper, we present well-stratified archaeological and environmental records dating back to 14,000–13,000 cal yr BP from the site of Billy Big Spring (Blackfeet Indian Reservation, Montana), located on a glacial kettle, a type of landform that has been largely ignored by regional archaeological research to date. Findings from Billy Big Spring show the continuous use of the Northern Front foothills throughout the major climatic and environmental disturbances of the Early Holocene, and possibly the terminal Pleistocene as well. As such, Billy Big Spring contributes to refining several archaeological models of early settlement of the Northern Front, particularly those that posit differential use of foothills versus plains settings during the midst of the Holocene Thermal Maximum. The record at Billy Big Spring also suggests that kettles, regardless of physiographic setting, provide a yet unsuspected and unsampled potential for preserving high-quality and easily accessible early archaeological and paleoenvironmental records.
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