Blockchain financial geographies: Disrupting space, agency and scale

Blockchain financial geographies: Disrupting space, agency and scale
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区块链金融地理:颠覆空间、机构和规模

DOI:
10.1016/j.geoforum.2022.08.001
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Grote, Michael H.
Grote, Michael H.
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zook, Matthew;Grote, Michael H.

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区块链技术通过使许多中介机构变得多余来扰乱金融和相关部门的潜力是经常讨论的主题。我们分析了基于区块链的商业模式的当前和潜在的结构性影响。为了让“颠覆”更有迹可循,我们定义了它的三个维度:空间、机构和规模。通过结合Crunchbase数据、访谈、研讨会和会议的参与者观察以及案例研究,我们概述了公司寻求在金融职能中实施区块链的领域,并评估了这在多大程度上代表了金融和相关高级生产者服务(APS)的结构性变化。我们发现,虽然人们对区块链作为金融/APS变革力量的期望很高,但实际的结构性影响却不太清楚,因为我们看到的是成熟的行业参与者(例如,银行)抓住这些努力和/或新进入者,基本上重新建立了现有的结构和功能,目前的金融部门。我们概述了一些可能性,以解释为什么到目前为止区块链还没有达到这些破坏性的期望。我们将探讨规模如何成为一个理论上富有成效的途径,以了解哪些现象实际上能够从根本上改变金融部门的结构,包括相关的先进服务。关于首次代币发行、真实的房地产投资和与区块链货币相关的“货币记忆”的三个案例研究表明,区块链技术能够改变规模,这可能产生变革性影响。
The potential of blockchain-technology to disrupt the financial and related sectors by making many intermediaries superfluous is subject of frequent discussions. We analyze the current and potential structural effects of blockchain-based business models. In order to make “disruption” more traceable, we define three dimensions of it: space, agency and scale. Using a combination of Crunchbase data, interviews and participant observation at workshops and conferences, and case studies we outline areas in which companies are seeking to implement blockchain in financial functions and assess the extent to which this represents structural changes in finance and associated advanced producer services (APS). We find that while the expectations for blockchain as a transformative force in finance/APS are high, the actual structural effects are much less clear as we see established industry players (e.g., banks) capturing these efforts and/or new entrants essentially recreating the existing structures and functions of the current financial sector. We outline a number of possibilities as to why to date blockchain has not met these expectations of disruption. We explore how scale emerges as a theoretically fruitful avenue for understanding which phenomena are actually well placed to fundamentally alter the structure of the financial sector including related advanced services. Three case studies on initial coin offerings, real estate investments and the “money memory” associated with blockchain-based currencies show that potentially transformative effects derive from blockchain technology being able to shift scale.
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