Comparison of in Silico, Electrochemical, in Vitro and in Vivo Metabolism of a Homologous Series of (Radio)fluorinated σ1 Receptor Ligands Designed for Positron Emission Tomography

Comparison of in Silico, Electrochemical, in Vitro and in Vivo Metabolism of a Homologous Series of (Radio)fluorinated σ1 Receptor Ligands Designed for Positron Emission Tomography
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用于正电子发射断层扫描的同源系列(无线电)氟化 Ï1 受体配体的计算机模拟、电化学、体外和体内代谢比较

DOI:
10.1002/cmdc.201600366
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Wünsch B
Wünsch B
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wiese C;Große Maestrup E;Galla F;Schepmann D;Hiller A;Fischer S;Ludwig FA;Deuther-Conrad W;Donat CK;Brust P;Büter L;Karst U;Wünsch B

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The imaging of σ1receptors in the brain by fluorinated radiotracers will be used for the validation of σ1receptors as drug targets as well as for differential diagnosis of diseases in the central nervous system. The biotransformation of four homologous fluorinated PET tracers 1′‐benzyl‐3‐(ω‐fluoromethyl to ω‐fluorobutyl)‐3H‐spiro[2]benzofuran‐1,4′‐piperidine] ([18F]1–4) was investigated. In silico studies using fast metabolizer (FAME) software, electrochemical oxidations, in vitro studies with rat liver microsomes, and in vivo metabolism studies after application of the PET tracers [18F]1–4to mice were performed. Combined liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS) analysis allowed structural identification of non‐radioactive metabolites. Radio‐HPLC and radio‐TLC provided information about the presence of unchanged parent radiotracers and their radiometabolites. Radiometabolites were not found in the brain after application of [18F]2–4, but liver, plasma, and urine samples contained several radiometabolites. Less than 2 % of the injected dose of [18F]4reached the brain, rendering [18F]4less appropriate as a PET tracer than [18F]2and [18F]3. Compounds [18F]2and [18F]3possess the most promising properties for imaging of σ1receptors in the brain. High σ1affinity (Ki=0.59 nm), low lipophilicity (logD7.4=2.57), high brain penetration (4.6 % of injected dose after 30 min), and the absence of radiometabolites in the brain favor the fluoroethyl derivative [18F]2slightly over the fluoropropyl derivative [18F]3for human use.
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