A Germapyramidane Switches Between 3D Cluster and 2D Cyclic Structures in Single-Electron Steps.

A Germapyramidane Switches Between 3D Cluster and 2D Cyclic Structures in Single-Electron Steps.
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DOI:
10.1002/anie.202211749
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发表时间:
2022-11-21
期刊:
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
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其他
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咪唑鎓取代的二磷酸酯二化物 (Ipr)2C2P2 (IDP) 与 GeCl2 ⋅ 二恶烷和 KBArF24 [(BarF24)−=四[(3,5-三氟甲基)苯基]硼酸盐)] 反应,得到双阳离子球形芳香族 Nido 簇 [Ge(η4-IDP)]2+ ([1]2+) (Ipr=1,3-双(2,6-二异丙基苯基)咪唑鎓-2-亚基)。该配合物是难以捉摸的金字塔烷 [C(η4-C4H4)] 的罕见重类似物。 [1]2+ 经历两次可逆单电子还原,产生自由基阳离子 [2]⋅ + 和中性 GeII 物种 3。 [2]⋅ + 和 3 在溶液中重排,分别形成二维芳香族和平面咪唑鎓取代的二甲内酯 [4]2+ 和germole-二化物 5。使用 AgSbF6 可以将两种平面物质氧化回 [1]2+。这些氧化还原异构化对应于还原时 3D 芳族簇到 2D 芳环化合物的基本转变,反之亦然。使用 DFT 计算和循环伏安实验阐明了这些反应的机理。据报道,阳离子nido-germapyramidane相互氧化还原异构化为平面芳香族germole-diide。通过电化学和理论研究阐明了该机制。
Reaction of the imidazolium‐substituted iphosphate‐diide, (Ipr)2C2P2 (IDP), with GeCl2 ⋅ dioxane and KBArF24 [(BarF24)−=tetrakis[(3,5‐trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate)] afforded the dicationic spherical‐aromatic nido‐cluster [Ge(η4‐IDP)]2+ ([1]2+) (Ipr=1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazolium‐2‐ylidene). This complex is a rare heavy analogue of the elusive pyramidane [C(η4‐C4H4)]. [1]2+ undergoes two reversible one‐electron reductions, which yield the radical cation [2]⋅ + and the neutral GeII species 3. Both [2]⋅ + and 3 rearrange in solution forming the 2D aromatic and planar imidazolium‐substituted digermolide [4]2+ and germole‐diide 5, respectively. Both planar species can be oxidized back to [1]2+ using AgSbF6. These redox‐isomerizations correspond to the fundamental transformation of a 3D aromatic cluster into a 2D aromatic ring compound upon reduction and vice versa. The mechanism of these reactions was elucidated using DFT calculations and cyclic voltammetry experiments. The mutual redox‐isomerisation of a cationic nido‐germapyramidane into a planar aromatic germole‐diide is reported. The mechanism was elucidated using electrochemical and theoretical studies.
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