Autism comorbidities show elevated female-to-male odds ratios and are associated with the age of first autism diagnosis.
Autism comorbidities show elevated female-to-male odds ratios and are associated with the age of first autism diagnosis.
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DOI：
10.1111/acps.13345
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Mottron, Laurent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodgaard, Eya-Mist;Jensen, Kristian;Miskowiak, Kamilla Woznica;Mottron, Laurent
研究孤独症的共病率与性别、出生年份和首次诊断孤独症的年龄之间的关系，并比较各自的相对影响。使用丹麦国家患者登记处，11种共病的累积发生率高达16岁计算自闭症患者（精神病、情感障碍、焦虑症、品行障碍、进食障碍、强迫症、注意缺陷多动障碍、癫痫、抽动障碍、睡眠障碍或智力残疾）的（N = 16，126）和非自闭症个体（N = 654，977）。个体进一步分层的基础上，在第一次自闭症诊断和共病诊断的年龄高达16岁进行了比较。大多数合并症与出生年份和性别显著相关。11种共患疾病中有8种的女性/男性比值比非自闭症人群中相应的比值比高出67%，包括男性通常比女性更常见的疾病以及女性更常见的疾病。所有合并症发生率与首次诊断自闭症时的年龄显著相关，这是一个比性别和出生年份更强的预测因素。女性的合并症发生率超过了基于非自闭症个体性别比例的预期，表明女性中自闭症和合并症之间的关联更强。合并症的发生率也高度依赖于第一次自闭症诊断时的年龄，这可能导致自闭症在研究和临床实践中的异质性。
To investigate the association between the comorbidity rates in autism and sex, birth year and the age at which autism was first diagnosed and compare the relative impact of each. Using the Danish National Patient Registry, cumulative incidences up to the age of 16 for 11 comorbid conditions (psychosis, affective disorders, anxiety disorders, conduct disorder, eating disorders, obsessive‐compulsive disorder, attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder, epilepsy, tic disorders, sleep disorders or intellectual disability) were calculated for individuals with autism (N = 16,126) and non‐autism individuals (N = 654,977). Individuals were further stratified based on the age at the first autism diagnoses and comorbid diagnoses up to the age of 16 were compared. Most comorbidities were significantly associated with birth year and sex. Female/male odds ratios for 8 of 11 comorbid conditions were up to 67% higher than the corresponding odds ratios in the non‐autism population, including conditions that are generally more common in males than in females as well as conditions that are more common in females. All comorbidity rates were significantly associated with the age at the first autism diagnosis, which was a stronger predictor than sex and birth year for 8 conditions. Comorbidity rates for females exceed what would be expected based on the sex ratios among non‐autistic individuals, indicating that the association between autism and comorbidity is stronger in females. Comorbidity rates are also highly dependent on the age at the first autism diagnosis, which may contribute to autism heterogeneity in research and clinical practice.
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