Control of adipocyte differentiation in different fat depots; implications for pathophysiology or therapy.
Control of adipocyte differentiation in different fat depots; implications for pathophysiology or therapy.
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控制不同脂肪库中脂肪细胞分化；对病理生理或治疗的影响。
DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2015.00001
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
James DE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma X;Lee P;Chisholm DJ;James DE
脂肪细胞分化及其对特定脂肪组织库的限制或扩张的影响鉴于这些库的不同功能而具有生理学和病理生理学意义。棕色或“米色”脂肪[棕色脂肪组织（BAT）]扩张可增强产热、脂质氧化、胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖耐量;相反，扩张的内脏脂肪[内脏白色脂肪组织（VAT）]与胰岛素抵抗、低度炎症、血脂异常和心脏代谢风险相关。最大的贮库，皮下白色脂肪[皮下白色脂肪组织（SAT）]，具有重要的有益特征，包括“无害方式”的脂质储存和脂肪因子的分泌，特别是瘦素和脂联素，具有积极的代谢作用，包括脂质氧化、能量利用、增强的胰岛素作用和抗炎作用。在脂肪营养不良中这些功能的缺乏导致主要的代谢紊乱。扩大白色脂肪组织脂肪细胞分化的能力似乎是对抗能量过剩的有害影响的重要防御机制，并限制脂质在“异位”部位（如肝脏和肌肉）的有害积累。脂肪细胞分化涉及转录级联反应，其中PPARγ在SAT中最重要，但在VAT中不太重要，血管生成增加也至关重要。转录因子Islet 1对VAT具有相当特异性，并在体外抑制脂肪细胞分化。Islet 1的生理重要性需要进一步研究。分化的基本控制在BAT中是相似的，但重要的差异包括PGC-1α对线粒体生物合成和UCP 1上调的影响; PRDM 16在BAT表型的表达中也起着关键作用。通过改变脂肪细胞分化或其他手段来调节这些不同脂肪组织库的能力或功能，有望有助于人类疾病的干预，特别是与全球肥胖症爆发相关的心脏代谢紊乱。
Adipocyte differentiation and its impact on restriction or expansion of particular adipose tissue depots have physiological and pathophysiological significance in view of the different functions of these depots. Brown or “beige” fat [brown adipose tissue (BAT)] expansion can enhance thermogenesis, lipid oxidation, insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance; conversely expanded visceral fat [visceral white adipose tissue (VAT)] is associated with insulin resistance, low grade inflammation, dyslipidemia, and cardiometabolic risk. The largest depot, subcutaneous white fat [subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SAT)], has important beneficial characteristics including storage of lipid “out of harms way” and secretion of adipokines, especially leptin and adiponectin, with positive metabolic effects including lipid oxidation, energy utilization, enhanced insulin action, and an anti-inflammatory role. The absence of these functions in lipodystrophies leads to major metabolic disturbances. An ability to expand white adipose tissue adipocyte differentiation would seem an important defense mechanism against the detrimental effects of energy excess and limit harmful accumulation of lipid in “ectopic” sites, such as liver and muscle. Adipocyte differentiation involves a transcriptional cascade with PPARγ being most important in SAT but less so in VAT, with increased angiogenesis also critical. The transcription factor, Islet1, is fairly specific to VAT and in vitro inhibits adipocyte differentiation. The physiological importance of Islet1 requires further study. Basic control of differentiation is similar in BAT but important differences include the effect of PGC-1α on mitochondrial biosynthesis and upregulation of UCP1; also PRDM16 plays a pivotal role in expression of the BAT phenotype. Modulation of the capacity or function of these different adipose tissue depots, by altering adipocyte differentiation or other means, holds promise for interventions that can be helpful in human disease, particularly cardiometabolic disorders associated with the world wide explosion of obesity.
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影响因子：
6.5
作者：
Fried, Susan K.;Tittelbach, Thomas;Goldberg, Andrew P.
通讯作者：
Goldberg, Andrew P.
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Bruun, JM;Lihn, AS;Richelsen, B
通讯作者：
Richelsen, B
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Festa E;Fretz J;Berry R;Schmidt B;Rodeheffer M;Horowitz M;Horsley V
通讯作者：
Horsley V
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Cohen P;Levy JD;Zhang Y;Frontini A;Kolodin DP;Svensson KJ;Lo JC;Zeng X;Ye L;Khandekar MJ;Wu J;Gunawardana SC;Banks AS;Camporez JP;Jurczak MJ;Kajimura S;Piston DW;Mathis D;Cinti S;Shulman GI;Seale P;Spiegelman BM
通讯作者：
Spiegelman BM
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1109409108
发表时间：
2011-09-27
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Cristancho, Ana G.;Schupp, Michael;Lazar, Mitchell A.
通讯作者：
Lazar, Mitchell A.