Molecular Characterization and Nutrition Regulation of the Glutamine Synthetase Gene in Triploid Crucian Carp
Molecular Characterization and Nutrition Regulation of the Glutamine Synthetase Gene in Triploid Crucian Carp
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三倍体鲫鱼谷氨酰胺合成酶基因的分子特征及营养调控
DOI：
10.3390/fishes7040196
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发表时间：
2022-08
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Zhimin He
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiaomei Zhou;Dafang Zhao;Yuan Chen;Yangbo Xiao;Zhuangwen Mao;Shenping Cao;Fufa Qu;Yutong Li;Junyan Jin;Zhen Liu;Jianzhong Li;Zhimin He
谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）是一种关键酶，它催化由谷氨酸合成谷氨酰胺，在促进肌肉细胞生长以及改善肉类风味方面发挥作用。在本研究中，从三倍体鲫鱼中克隆出一个编码371个氨基酸的GS基因，它与在鲤鱼中发现的GS基因具有最高的相似性。同时，GS在不同组织中差异表达，其昼夜表达变化呈现明显的波动。此外，在体外和体内研究了谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺对肌肉细胞中GS表达的影响。我们发现，在体外，由于高浓度的谷氨酸（2mg/mL）其表达明显增加，而谷氨酰胺则使其表达降低。然而，在体内，谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺显著促进其表达，最佳浓度为2%。此外，使用赖氨酸 - 谷氨酸二肽作为饲料添加剂对GS表达也有积极影响（最佳浓度为0.8%）。最后，我们探究了不同蛋白质水平和来源对GS表达的影响，结果表明，在35%的蛋白质水平时GS表达最高，但在鱼粉日粮（FM）和由豆粕和菜籽粕组成的混合日粮（SM）这两种不同蛋白质来源之间未观察到显著差异。本研究为硬骨鱼中GS的调控提供了新的见解，并为三倍体鲫鱼优质饲料的配方提供了新的认识和策略。
Glutamine synthetase (GS) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate, which plays a role in the promotion of muscle cell growth and in improving the flavor of meats. In this study, a GS gene encoding 371 amino acids was cloned from triploid crucian carp and showed the highest level of similarity with the GS gene found in Cyprinus carpio. Meanwhile, GS was differentially expressed in different tissues, and its day–night expression changes showed obvious oscillation. Additionally, the effects of glutamate and glutamine on GS expression in muscle cells were investigated in vitro and in vivo. We found that its expression was obviously increased due to high levels of glutamate (2 mg/mL) but decreased by glutamine in vitro. However, it was significantly promoted by glutamate and glutamine in vivo, with an optimal concentration of 2%. Furthermore, the use of lysine–glutamate dipeptides as feed additives also had a positive influence on GS expression (the optimal concentration is 0.8%). Finally, we explored the effects of different protein levels and sources on the expression of GS, and the results demonstrated that GS had the highest expression at the 35% protein level, but no significant differences were observed in the different protein sources between the fish meal diet (FM) and the mixed diet comprising soybean meal and rapeseed meal (SM). This study sheds new light on the regulation of GS in teleost fish and provides new perceptions and strategies for the formulation of high-quality feed for triploid crucian carp.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.06.004
发表时间：
2017-10
期刊：
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Hu;Fufa Qu;Jianzhou Tang;Qiong Zhao;Jinpeng Yan;Zhigang Zhou;Yi Zhou;Zhen Liu
通讯作者：
R. Hu;Fufa Qu;Jianzhou Tang;Qiong Zhao;Jinpeng Yan;Zhigang Zhou;Yi Zhou;Zhen Liu
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Lin M;Zhang B;Yu C;Li J;Zhang L;Sun H;Gao F;Zhou G
通讯作者：
Zhou G
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
A. R. Palomino Ramos;D. A. Campelo;Cristiana Carneiro;J. Zuanon;S. L. P. da Matta;W. M. Furuya;A. L. Salaro
通讯作者：
A. R. Palomino Ramos;D. A. Campelo;Cristiana Carneiro;J. Zuanon;S. L. P. da Matta;W. M. Furuya;A. L. Salaro
DOI：
10.1007/s00360-011-0622-y
发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
2
作者：
Bucking, Carol;Wood, Chris M.
通讯作者：
Wood, Chris M.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Zhenling Yao;D. DuBois;R. Almon;W. Jusko
通讯作者：
Zhenling Yao;D. DuBois;R. Almon;W. Jusko